when they have secondary or tertiary peti- 

 oles, these are called partial. 



PETIOLULAft. Of or belonging to a 

 petiolule. 



PETIOLULES (adj. PETIOLULATE). 

 Petioles of a second degree ; that is, partial 

 petioles, such as belong to the leaflets of 

 compound leaves. 



PETIT ABSINTHE. (Fr.) Artemisia 

 pontica. — BASILIC. Ocimum minimum. 



— CERISIER DES HOTTENTOTS. Ce- 

 lastrus lucidus. — CORAIL. Crataegus co- 

 rallina. —CYPRES. Santolina Chdmcecy- 

 parissus. — CTTISE. Cytisus sessilifolius. 



— EPEAUTRE. Triticum monoeoccum. — 

 FLAMBE. Ins pumila. — HOUX. Rus- 

 cus aculeatus. — LISERON, Convolvulus. 



— MARCEAU. Sahxaunta. — MUGUET. 

 Asperula odorata. — PASSE-RAGE. Lepi- 

 dium graminifolium. — POIS. Pisum 



I sativum. — SOLEIL. Eelianthus multiflo- 

 rus. 



PETITE BOURRACHE. (Fr.) Ompha- 

 lodes verna. — BCGLOSSE. Lycopsis ar- 

 vensis. — CHfiLlDOIXE. Ficaria ranun- 

 culoides. — CHENE. Teucrium Chamce- 

 drys and Veronica Ghamcedrys. — CIGUE. 

 Mthusa Cynapium. — CONSOUDE. Om- 

 phalodes verna. ^— DODVE. Ranunculus 

 Mammilla. — ECLAIRE. Ficaria ranun- 

 culoides. — ENDIVE. Cichorium Endivia 

 angustifolia. — ESULE. Euphorbia exigua. 



— JACINTHE. Hyacinthus nonseriptus. 



— MARGUERITE. Bellis perennis. — 

 MAUVE. Malva rotundifolia. — ORTIE. 



I Urticaurens. — OSEILLE. Rumex Aceto- 

 sella. — PERVENCHE. Yinca minor. — 

 RADIAIRE. Astrantia minor. — SAUGE. 

 Salvia hispanorum. — TITHYMALE. Eu- 

 phorbia exigua. 



PETIT-BAUME. A West Indian name 

 for a liquor obtained from Croton balsami- 

 ferum. 



PETIT-GRAIN. An essential oil obtained 

 from the fruit and leaves of Citrus Bigara- 

 dia. 



PETIVERIACE^. (Petiveriece.) A na- 

 tural order of monochlamydeous dicotyle- 

 dons belonging to Lindley's sapindal alli- 

 ance of hypogynousExogens. Undershrubs 

 or herbs with a garlic-like odour, alternate 

 entire stipulate leaves, and racemose or 

 panicled flowers. Calyx polysepalous ; no 

 corolla ; stamens indefinite, alternate with 

 the calycine leaves ; ovary superior, one- 

 celled, with one style, and a lateral stigma ; 

 ovules erect. Fruit one-celled, indehiscent 

 and dry, with a wing at the back. Natives 

 of the West Indies and tropical America. 

 There are three genera, and about a dozen 

 species. [J. H. B.] 



PETIVERIA. The four species of this 

 genus typical of the Peiiveriacea?, all na- 

 tives of tropical America, are erect branch- 

 ing undershrubs, with alternate entire 

 glabrous minutely stipulate leaves, and 

 long whip-like terminal and axillary spiked 

 inflorescence, bearing very small remote 

 sessile flowers, each with three bracts at 



its base, the side ones of which are much 

 smaller than the other. It is characterised 

 by having a four-parted herbaceous calyx, 

 by its fruit being armed with four to six 

 subulate reflexed sharp bristles or spines, 

 and by its seeds having thin eccentric al- 

 bumen and a straight embryo. All the 

 species are remarkable for possessing a 

 garlic-like odour and more or less acidity. 

 P. alliacea, a widely distributed species, 

 extending from Carolina to Guayaquil and 

 Rio Janeiro, called Guinea-hen Weed in the 

 West Indies, and Raiz de Guine in Brazil, 

 is extremely acrid, and in the latter coun- 

 tries it is put into warm-baths to restore 

 motion to paralysed limbs. [A. SJ 



PETR2EA. A genus of Yerbenacece, con- 

 taining thirteen species of twining shrubs 

 or small trees, natives of tropical America. 

 They have opposite coriaceous leaves, and 

 large violet flowers in showy loose racemes. 

 j The epicalyx is three-leaved persistent, 

 | and increases to a large size around the 

 fruit ; it is coloured and united to the tube 

 of the calyx, which is funnel-shaped with 

 1 five teeth alternating with the leaves of 

 i the epicalyx ; the deciduous corolla has a 

 ! short cylindrical tube, and spreading limb 

 divided into five roundish lobes ; there are 

 four included stamens inserted in the throat 

 of the corolla, sometimes with the rudi- 

 ment of the fifth ; and the ovary is seated 

 on a subcylindrical fleshy gynophore. The 

 capsule is enveloped in the calyx, and co- 

 vered by its bent-down teeth; it is two- 

 celled, each cell containing a single large 

 seed. [W. C] 



PETROOALLIS. A genus of Cruciferce, 

 the only species of which, P. pyrenaica—a. 

 pretty little tufted perennial peculiar to 

 alpine places in the Pyrenees, and growing 

 in dense patches like some of our saxi- 

 frages—is placed in Braba by Hooker and 

 Bentham. The stems, an inch or two high, 

 are densely clothed with wedge-shaped 

 lobed leaves, and terminate in a raceme of 

 rather large purplish flowers which are 

 followed by small oval swollen netted two- 

 celled silicules, with one or two seeds in 

 each cell. The prominent netted veins on 

 the fruit together with cut leaves distin- 

 guish this plant from other species of 

 Braba. [A. A. B.j 



PETROPHILA. A large genus of Pro- 

 teacece, having a regularly four-cleft calyx 

 bearing on each of its segments a nearly 

 sessile anther ; a filiform style with a spin- 

 dle-shaped stigma, generally constricted 

 in the middle and articulated ; and the 

 fruit a nut containing a single seed, either 

 winged or having hairy margins. The 

 flowers grow in heads, rarely in spikes; 

 the leaves are rigid, round, and filiform, or 

 sometimes plane and lobed. They are large 

 shrubs, natives of most parts of extratro- 

 pical Australia, but principally of the south- 

 western portions. [R. H.] 



PETROSELINUM. A genus of the order 

 Umbelliferce, distinguished by having each 

 half of the fruit with five equal narrow 

 ribs ; and one oil-vessel in each furrow, the 



