:JP 



Clje Erca^ury af Botany. 



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PILOSELLE. iFr.) Hieracium Pilosella. 



PILOSTYLES. A genus of Raffiesiaceo?., 

 the species of which are without stem or 

 true leaves, hut- consist solely of small 

 dioecious flowers, encircled by an outer 

 and inner series of bracts. These little 

 flowers burst forth from the bark of trees, 

 in Chili and Brazil, and hence have been 

 thought, but erroneously, to be deformed 

 flowers of Bauhinia or Adesmia, the trees 

 on which they are parasitic. The flowers 

 i are described as dioecious ; the males, which 

 • alone are known, have a four-leaved peri- 

 ! anth surrounding a column, the summit of 

 which is covered by small pimple-like lobes, 

 beneath which is a dense row of one-celled 

 anthers. [M. T. M.] 



PILOT-WEED. Silphium laciniatum. 



PILULA. A cone like a Galbulus ; any 

 spherical inflorescence. 



PILULAIRE (FrO Pilularia globulifera. 



PILEL ARIA. One of the four genera of 

 Marsileacea?, characterised by having quill- 

 shaped leaves or footstalks, which are cir- 

 culate when young, and pill-shaped recep- 

 tacles embraced by the stalk, and formed 

 by the tips of the transformed footstalk, 

 or from the limb of the leaf which is not 

 in other cases developed. This is divided 

 into two or four cells filled with spore-like 

 antheridia and spore-cases, each spore-case 

 containing only a single spore. The ger- 

 mination resembles that of Marsilea. The 

 genus occurs in Tasmania, and in the north 

 of Africa, as well as in Europe. P. globuli- 

 fera is not uncommon in Great Britain in 

 marshy places amongst sedge, but requires 

 a practised eye to discover it ; P. minuta is 

 sometimes cultivated. [M. J. B.J 



PILUMNA. A genus of the Brassidce i 

 tribe of orchids, consisting of only two 

 species, both from the vicinity of Popayan, 

 and both epiphytes with sheathed one- 

 leaved pseudobulbs, and radical scapes of 

 largish green and white flowers. It has 

 equal uniform spreading sepals and petals ; 

 an unguiculate convolute almost entire lip, 

 adnate to the base of the column, which 

 is club-shaped, with a thin fringed hood at 

 the back of the anther-bed and a fleshy 

 rounded ear on each side in front ; and two 

 pollen-masses, with a short caudicle at- 

 tached to an ovate or linear gland. [A. S.J 



PDIELEA. A genus comprising some 

 seventy or more slender branching shrubs, 

 with entire leaves, usually opposite but oc- 

 casionally alternate, and white rose or yel- 

 low flowers in terminal or rarely axillary 

 heads, surrounded by an involucre of bracts 

 of different shape from that of the leaves. 

 It is included among TJiymelacece, and may- 

 be recognised by the funnel-shaped peri- 

 anth with a four-cleft limb unprovided 

 with scales, one or two stamens attached 

 to the throat of the perianth, a lateral 

 style, and a capitate stigma. The fruit has 

 a thick rind, or is succulent and berry-like. 

 They are natives of Australia, Tasmania, 

 New Zealand, &c. ; and have tough stringy 



bark, like the other membersof the Daphne 

 family. Several kinds are grown in this 

 country as ornamental greenhouse shrubs: 

 among the best are P decussata, P. spec- 

 tabilis, and P. Hendersoni, The name is 

 derived from the Greek pimele, fat, in allu- 

 sion to the oily seeds. [M. T. M.J 



PIMENT. (Fr.) Capsicum ; also Cheno- 

 podium Botrys. — CERISE. .. Capsicum 

 cerasiforme. — DE LA JAMAIQUE. Eu- 

 genia Pimenta. — DE MOZAMBIQUE. 

 Capsicum luteum. — DES ABEILLES. 

 Melissa officinalis. — ROYAL. Myrica 

 Gale. 



PIMENTELLA. A genus of cinchona- 

 ceous shrubs, natives of the mountains of 

 Peru. Its characters are not perfectly 

 known ; the more important among them 

 seem to be the cup-shaped persistent limb 

 of the calyx : and the linear capsule dividing 

 from above downwards into two valves, 

 and containing numerous very small wing- 

 ed seeds, attached to the margins of the 

 valves. [M. T. MJ 



PIMENTO. The dried berries of the 

 West Indian Eugenia Pimenta and E. acris. 



PIMIA rhamnoides is the sole represent- 

 ative of the only genus of Byttneriacece as 

 yet discovered in the tropical parts of Poly- 

 nesia, and the easternmost member of the 

 natural order to which it belongs. It is 

 found in the Feejees, and is a timber tree 

 forty to fifty feet high, with ferrugineous 

 branches and foliage, alternate oblong en- 

 tire leaves, a five-cleft calyx, five very 

 minute cordate petals, five stamens, no 

 staminodia, a five-celled ovary, and an 

 echinate capsule resembling that of Com- 

 mersonia. Its nearest ally is Lasiopetalum. 

 It was named in honour of the Arctic ex- 

 plorer, Captain Bedford Pirn, R.N. [B. S.J 



PIMIENTO. The Spanish name for Cap- 

 sicum 



PIMPINELLA. A genus of umbellifers, 

 the fruit of which is ovate in general out- 

 line, each half with five equal narrow ribs, 

 the furrows between which have several 

 oil-vessels. The species are European herbs, 

 usually having the lower leaves more deep- 

 ly divided than the upper; and the flowers 

 white. The name is an alteration of bipen- 

 nula, or twice-pinnate, in allusion to the 

 form of the leaves. [G D.J 



PIMPERNEL. Anagallis. — , BASTARD. 

 Centunculus. — , FALSE. An American 

 name for Ilysanthes gratioloides. — , RED 

 or SCARLET. Anagallis arvensis. — , SEA 

 Honkenya peploides. — , WATER. Samo- 

 lus Valerandi; also Veronica Beccabunga, 

 and V. Anagallis. —, YELLOW. Lysima- 

 chia nemorum. 



PIMPINEL. Pimpinella Saxifraga. 



PIMPLED. The same as Papillose. 



PIMPLOES. A West Indian name for the 

 Prickly Pear, OpuntiaTuna andO vulgaris. 



PIMPRENELLE. (Fr.) Poterium ; al so 

 Rosa pimpinellcefolia. — AQUATIQUE. 



