947 



K\)t KxzK&xixy) flf Uotanj). 



[quas 



distinct from the thallus, which is horizon- 

 tal foliaceous and for the most part fixed 

 in the centre. It comprises the lichens 

 known in the Arctic regions as Tripe de 

 Roche. In Gyrophora the disk produces a 

 number of partial disks on the hymenial 

 surface, giving it a curious convolute ap- 

 pearance. Pyxine, which is a tropical or 

 subtropical genus, has athallus like that of 

 ParmeUa. [M. J. B.] 



PYXIS, PTXIDIUM (adj. PYXIDATE). 

 A capsule opening by a lid, as in Hyoscyw- 

 mus or Anagallis. 



QUADRETTE. (Fr.) Eliexia. 



QUADRI. In Latin compounds = four 

 times. 



QUADRICRURIS. Having four legs or 

 arms, as in the retinaculum of some ascle- 

 piads. 



QUADRIFOLTATE. When the petiole 

 hears four leaflets from the same point. 



; QUADRIHILATE. Having four aper- 

 i tures, as is the case in certain kinds of 

 pollen. 



QUADRIJUGUS. Consisting of four 

 pairs (of leaflets). 



QUAKERS AND SHAKERS. Briza me- 

 dia. 



! QUALEA. A genus of trees or shrubs 

 i of Brazil and Guiana, belonging to the 

 Yochyacece, and remarkable for their un- 

 symmetrical flowers, which have but one 

 petal and one fertile stamen (rarely two of 

 t each), as well as for the numerous winged 

 ; seeds of the fruit. There are about thirty 

 : species known, some of them attaining a 

 ! height of 130 feet ; the bark of the trunk is 

 somewhat corky, and the young branchlets 

 | often four-sided and covered with gum. 

 They have opposite or whorled, lance- 

 shaped or oblong, laurel-like leaves, with 

 the blades frequently marked with nume- 

 rous nerves running at right-angles to the 

 midrib ; and the flowers are exceedingly 

 handsome and numerous, disposed in axil- 

 lary or terminal panicles. The flowers have 

 a five-parted calyx, one of the segments 

 being much larger than the others, petal- 

 like, and prolonged behind into a spur as 

 in the balsam, a single fan-shaped petal 

 with the fertile stamen alternating with 

 it ; and an ovary which when ripe is a 

 three-celled angular woody capsule, with 

 many winged seeds in each cell. 



Many of the species have primrose-scent- 

 ed flowers, yellow white blue or rose- 

 coloured, and the petal is usually marked 

 with a yellow or white line in the centre. 

 Perhaps the most handsome when in flower 

 isQ. pidcherrima, atree about fif ty feet high, 

 discovered by Mr. Spruce. It has sessile 

 beautifully veined leaves, in size and shape 

 like those of the Portugal laurel, and when 

 first met with by Mr. Spruce— who remarks 

 he had never seen a more 'striking object — 

 the crown of the tree was ' a complete mass 

 of blue and red, in which did not appear a 

 single green leaf.' The calyx is blue, the 

 petal red, marked with a yellow line in the 



centre, rather more than half an inch long, 

 and shaped like the lower petal of a violet. 

 The largest-flowered species is Q. macro- 

 petala, in which the large fan-like petal is 

 white marked with a yellow line in the 

 centre, and about two-and-a-half inches 

 across. It also is Brazilian. [A. A. B.] 



QUAMASH. The North American name 



for the edible Carnassia esaClenta. — , 

 EASTERN. An American name for Scilla 

 esculenta. 



QUAMOCHITL. Inga Unguis Cati. 



QUAMOCLIDION. A genus of Nycta- 

 ginacece, established by Choisy for some 

 Mexican species of Mirabilis, which have 

 usually three flowers instead of only one in 

 each involucre, but it has since been again 

 reduced to a section of Mirabilis. 



QUAMOCLIT. A genus of Convolvidacea;, 

 containing several species of annual twin- 

 ers, natives of tropical America and Asia. ! 

 They are herbs with alternate cordate j 

 leaves, and red or crimson flowers on axil- 

 lary one or many-flowered peduncles. The I 

 sepals are mostly mucronate or awned; j 

 the corolla cylindrical, tubular, with a i 

 small five-lobed spreading limb ; the sta- [ 

 mens and style are protruded ; and the 

 stigma is capitate and two-lobed. The I 

 capsule is four-celled, with a single seed in I 

 each cell. [W. 0.] 



QUAMOCLIT. (Fr.) Ipomcea. —CAR- 

 DINAL. Quamoclit vulgaris. 



QUANDANG. The edible fruit of Santa- 

 lum acuminatum. 



QUAPALIER. (Fr.) Sloanea. 



QUAPOYA. The name formerly given 

 to a few tropical American trees belonging 

 to the Clusiacew, and now referred to Clusia. 



QUAQUARA. SmUax China. 



QUARANTIN. (Fr.) Clieiranthus annuus. 



QUARTINE. A fourth integument, count- 

 in g from the outside, supposed to occur in 

 some ovules; but in reality a mere layer 

 of either the secundine or nucleus. 



QUARTINIA. The generic name of an 

 Abyssinian plant belonging to the Lythra- 

 cea, found growing attached to stones in 

 the beds of rivers, and having capillary 

 submerged leaves like those of the water 

 crowfoot densely packed on the stems. 

 The minute flowers are in naked racemes, 

 each consisting of an eight-toothed bell- 

 shaped calyx, four stamens,a two-celled ger- 

 men, and a simple style. The genus bears 

 the name of M. Quartius Dillon, a French 

 botanist and traveller in Abyssinia. Q. re- 

 pens is the only known species. [A. A. B.] 



QUASI-RADIATE. Slightly radiant; a 

 terra applied to the heads of some com- 

 posites, whose ray-florets are small and in- 

 conspicuous. 



QUASSIA. Linnaeus applied this name 

 to a tree of Surinam in honour of a negro, 

 Quassi or Coissi, who employed its bark as 

 a remedy for fever, and enjoyed such a re* 



