quer] 



l£I)e EreaSurn cf 230tann. 



952 



of the parish, and stopping at the most re- 

 markable sites (oak-trees being considered 

 the most worthy), and reading passages 

 from the Gospels, and there also asking 

 blessings for the people. Herrick makes a 

 lover say :— 



Dearest, bury me 

 Under that holy oke or Gospel Tree ; 

 Where, though thou see'st not, thou mayst think 



upon 

 Me, when thou yearly go'st Procession. 



It is not a little remarkable that though 

 the name of Gospel Oak has not been newly 

 hestowed for many generations, yet that 

 so many trees with that appellation still 

 remain in different parts of England, so 

 that most people have an acquaintance 

 with one or more ancient trees bearing 

 this appellation. 



In the midland counties there is always 

 much speculation as to whether the leaves 

 of the oak or those of the ash will appear 

 first, as the following proverb is implicitly 

 relied upon :— 



If the oak 's before the ash, 

 Then you'll only get a splash ; 

 If the ash precedes the oak, 

 Then you may expect a soak. 



Considering the different habits of the 

 two trees, there may be reason in the 

 rhyme. The Oak sends its root deep into 

 the soil, and its leafing is advanced or re- 

 tarded by a warm or cold spring. The 

 roots of the ash are nearer the surface, 

 and so a wet spring hastens its growth, 

 while a dry one would retard it. Rain, more- 

 over, does not affect the oak so much 

 as it does the ash. [J. B.] 



QUERIA,QUERIACE2E. Queria hispani- 

 ca is a small South European annual, inter- 

 mediate in many respects between Caryo- 

 plujUacece and Illecebracece ; having the pe- 

 talless flowers and solitary ovule of the 

 latter, with the capsule opening in valves 

 as in Caryophyllacece. It is therefore 

 usually considered as constituting a tribe 

 of that order, or is sometimes proposed as 

 an independent one under the name of 

 Queriacece. 



QTJERNALES. An alliance proposed by 

 Lindley to include the Corylacece and Jug- 

 landaccce, and distinguished from Attenta- 

 tes by the inferior ovary. 



QUETSCHE. A name used in Germany 

 for the long egg-shaped varieties of the 

 Plum. 



QUEUE D'ARONDELLE. (Fr.) Sagit- 

 taria. — DE CHEVAL. (Fr.) Equisetum 

 Telmateja ; also Ephedra. — DE LIZARD. 

 Saururus. — DE LIE VRE. Lagurus. — 

 DE LION. Leonotis. — DE PAON. Tigri- 

 diaPavonia. — DE POURCEAU. Peuceda- 

 num officinale. — DE RAT. Myosurus ; also 

 Equisetum arvense, and Pothos acaulis. — 

 DEREXARD. Alopecurus; also Equisetum 

 sulrafirirm. and Amaranthus caudatus. — 

 DE SCORPION. Scorpiurus. — DE SOURIS. 

 Myosurus. 



QUICK. The Fiorin, Agrostis stoloni- 



fera ; also Triticum repens ; and the Quick- 

 set, Cratcegus Oxyacantha. 



QUICKEN, or QUICK-BEAM. Pyrus 

 Aucuparia. 



QUICK-m-RA]$T).ImpatiensXoli-tangere. 



QUICKSET, or QUICK. The Whitethorn, 



Crataegus Oxyacantlia,move especially when 

 used as a hedge-plant. 



QUILLAJA. A small genus of South 

 American trees belonging to the QuiUaice 

 or wing-seeded section of Rosacece, and re- 

 markable for possessing soap-like proper- 

 ties. Five species are described— three 

 Chilian, one Peruvian, and one Brazilian. 

 They are large evergreen trees, with undi- 

 vided scattered leaves upon stalks bearing 

 two small stipules, which, however, soon 

 drop off; and their flowers grow four or 

 five together upon stalks produced from 

 the leaf -axils or at the ends of the branches, 

 some being unisexual and others perfect. 

 The calyx is five-parted, and is furnished 

 with a star-like fleshy disk having Ave ele- 

 vated notched lobes; the five petals are 

 spatula-shaped ; the stamens are ten in num- 

 ber, five inserted along with and opposite 

 the petals, and five in the middle of the 

 calyx-segments ; and the five single-celled 

 ovaries, containing numerous ovules in 

 two rows, cohere together but are tipped 

 with distinct spreading styles. 



Quillaja differs from its nearest ally, 

 Kageneckia,m the calyx segments not over- 

 lapping each other in the bud, as well as 

 in the ten stamens being in two instead 

 of one row. 



Q. Saponaria, the Quillai or Cullayof the 

 Chilians, is a tree from fifty to sixty feet 

 high, with smooth shining short-stalked 

 'oval leaves ; and usually terminal white 

 flowers, either solitary or from three to 

 five upon a stalk. Its bark, called Quillai 

 or Soap-bark, is rough and dark-coloured 

 externally, but internally consists of nu- 

 merous regular whitish or yellowish layers, 

 and contains a large quantity of carbonate 

 of lime and other mineral matters. It is 

 also rich in sapomne, a vegetable soap- 

 principle found likewise in plants belong- 

 ing to the cloveworts, soapworts, and a 

 few other orders ; and on this account it is 

 commonly used as a substitute for washing 

 clothes, two ounces of the bark being suf- 

 ficient to wash a dress. It is also said to 

 remove all spots or stains, and to impart 

 a remarkable lustre to wool ; and it is used 

 to wash the hair, for which purpose it is 

 powdered between stones, then rubbed 

 with the hands in water, making a foam 

 like soap. A preparation of it has lately 

 been brought into use in this country for 

 promoting the growth of the hair. The 

 Brazilian species, Q. Selloiviana, which has 

 similar properties, has also been called 

 Fontenellea brasiliensis. [A. S.] 



QUILL WORT. Isoetes. 



QUIN, QUINQU. In composition = five 

 in number. 



QUINA. The South American name ap- 



