considered heating by the Affghans, who 

 sell them in their bazaars under the name 

 of Goorgoora. The fruit is mainly occupied 

 by the seed, which is not eaten. Edgworthia 

 buxifolia and Monotheca mascatensis are 

 synonyms of this plant. [A. A. B.] 



REREE. Typha angustifolia, the leaves 

 of which are used in the north-western pro- 

 vinces of India for making mats. 



RESEDACE2E. (Weldiuorts.) A small 

 order of polypetalous dicotyledons allied 

 to Capparidacece, from which they differ 

 chiefly in their irregular scale-like usually 

 fringed petals, and in the fruit which is 

 most frequently open at the top before it 

 is ripe. They are mostly herbs or small 

 spreading uudershrubs, with alternate 

 entire or pinnately divided leaves, and 

 minute gland-like stipules. The flowers, 

 usually green white or of a greenish-yel- 

 low and not showy, are in terminal racemes 

 or spikes ; sepals and petals usually Ave or 

 six each; stamens definite, or at any rate 

 not numerous, and inserted on a broad 

 fleshy hypogynous disk. The ovary is one- 

 celled with three parietal placentas, and 

 bears three distinct stigmas ; and the seeds 

 have a curved embryo without albumen. 

 The species are for the most part inhabi- 

 tants of Europe, Northern Africa, and 

 Western Asia, but a very few occur also in 

 Southern Africa and North-west America. 

 The order consists chiefly of the Linnasan 

 genus Reseda, and some small ones which 

 have been separated from it by modern 

 botanists, and to these has been added 

 Ochradenus with an exceptionally baccate 

 fruit. 



RESEDA. Herbaceous or slightly shrubby 

 plants giving name to the order Rese- 

 dacece, well marked by the calyx being divi- 

 ded almost to the base into from four to six 

 narrow segments, an equal number of 

 cloven petals, and a bladdery three to four- 

 horned many-seeded capsule open at the 

 top. R. odorata, the Mignonette, a native of 

 Egypt and Northern Africa, is a universal 

 favourite which needs no description. 

 "When cultivated it is usually ti-eated as an 

 annual, but if protected during winter and 

 properly trained may be made to last several 

 years, and to attain a large size. R, Luteola, 

 the Weld, Yellow-weed, or Dyer's Weed, is 

 a common wayside plant, one to three feet 

 high, with numerous lanceolate glossy 

 leaves, and terminal spikes of greenish- 

 yellow flowers nodding at the top. Dyers 

 formerly made great use of this plant, as it 

 affords a beautiful yellow dye. A paint is 

 also made from it called Dutch-pink. R. 

 lutea is a native of many parts of Britain ; 

 it has to some extent the habit of R. odo- 

 rata, but is more erect in growth, and the 

 flowers are scentless. Other foreign species 

 are sometimes cultivated. [C. A. J.] 



RESEDA. (Fr.) Reseda odorata, — RAI- 

 PONCE. Reseda Phyteuma. — SAUVAGE. 

 Reseda lutea. 



RES HERBARIA. Botany; whatever 



relates to that subject. 



RESIN. The residue of the process for 

 obtaining oil of turpentine ; also a general 

 term for certain vegetable secretions in- 

 soluble in water, which become solid either 

 by the evaporation of their volatile consti- 

 tuents or by the absorption of oxygen, and 

 are distinguished from balsams by the ab- 

 sence of benzoic acid, and from gum-resins 

 by the absence of gum. — , CARANA. The 

 product of Bur sera acuminata. — , COPAL. 

 The product of Rhus copallina. — , COU- 

 MIA. The product of Idea Tacamahaca. — , 

 ELEMI. The product of Amyris Plumieri. 

 — , GUAIAG. The product of Guaiacum 

 officinale. — , HEMP. Churras, the narcotic 

 product of Cannabis sativa. — , CHIBOU 

 or CAOHIBOU. The product of Burse: a 

 gummifera. — , MANAWA. The product of 

 Avicennia tomentosa. — , MASTIOH. The 



! product of Pistacia Lentiscus. — , MAYNAS. 



| The product of Calophyllum Calaba. 



I RESIN-BUSH. A colonial South African 

 name for Eur y ops speciosissimus. 



| RESINE DE GOMMART. (Pr.) A resi- 

 nous product of Bur sera acuminata or gum- 

 mifera. 



RESTANS. The same as Persistent. 



RESTENCLE. (Fr.) Pistacia Lentiscus. 



RESTHARROW. Ononis arvensis. 



RESTIACE^E. (Restiads.) An order of 

 monocotyledons having usually the habit 

 ! of rushes or sedges, and closely allied in 

 : character both to Juncacece and Gyperacece. 

 They differ from Juncacece by the more 

 glume-like segments of their perianth, 

 usually fewer than six ; from Gyperacece by 

 their more perfectly formed perianth ; and 

 from both by their pendulous seed, and len- 

 ticular embryo, placed at the extremity of 

 the albumen most remote from thehilum. 

 They are usually stiff herbaceous plants, 

 with narrow simple leaves having longitu- 

 dinally slit sheaths, or in some species the 

 leaves are reduced to these sheaths or en- 

 tirely wanting. The flowers are frequently 

 unisexual, usually gathered into heads or 

 clusters with glume-like bracts ; the peri- 

 anth has from two to six segments; the 

 stamens are usually two or three but some- 

 times twice those numbers ; and the ovary 

 has one two or three one-seeded cells, and 

 bears two or more styles or stigmas. The 

 order is divisible into two suborders, some- 

 times considered as distinct orders : the 

 true Restiaceo3 distributed into about 

 twenty-four genera, all natives of the sou- 

 thern hemisphere, chiefly South Africa and 

 Australia, with the exception of a very 

 few tropical Asiatic species ; and the Erio- 

 caulaceaz : which see. 



RESTIBILIS. A plant with a perennial 

 root and annual stems: an herbaceous 

 plant. 



RESTIO. A genus of Restiacew compris- 

 ing all the true rush-like leafless Restia- 

 cece in which thestyleis elongated, with two 

 long linear stigmas. There are a large num- 

 ber of speciesyknown, more than two-thirds 

 of which are natives of Southern Africa, 



