SCHU] 



€i)£ ^rca^ttrg af 23otaix». 



1036 



of John Henry Schultz, a German bota- 

 nist. [G. D.] 



SCHTTTJRMANSIA. A genus of Violacece 

 of the tribe Sauvagesiece, distinguished in 

 the tribe by all the staminodia being free 

 and linear or subulate, and by the winged 

 seeds. There are two species known, trees 

 or shrubs from the Indian Archipelago, 

 with alternate entire or serrate leaves, and 

 yellow flowers in a terminal panicle. 



SCHWiEGRICHENIA. Cleistes. 



SCHWANNIA. A genus of Brazilian 

 climbing shrubs, belonging to the Malpi- 

 ghiacecB. The flowers are red, placed in 

 panicles on the ends of the branches; the 

 calyx is deeply five-cleft, four of the seg- 

 ments having at their base two glands ; 

 petals five, stalked fringed ; stamens six, 

 all fertile, the filaments combined at the 

 base, the anthers hairy at the back ; ova- 

 ries three, style single. The fruit con- 

 sists of three winged carpels, each with a 

 single seed. [M. T. M.] 



SCHWEIGGERIA, A genus of Violacece, 

 .50 named in compliment to Professor 

 Schweigger, author of a Flora of Erlangen. 

 The species are Brazilian shrubs, with 

 narrow finely-toothed leaves, and solitary 

 stalked axillary flowers. The calyx is di- 

 vided into five unequal segments, the three 

 hinder ones hastate, and much larger than 

 the two narrow anterior segments ; petals 

 five unequal, the uppermost orhindermost 

 very large, and spurred at the base ; sta- 

 mens partially attached to the calyx, un- 

 equal in size, the anthers crested, the crest 

 of the two anterior ones larger than that 

 of the others, and concealed within the 

 spur of the petal. The fruit is capsular, sur- 

 rounded by the withered remnants of the 

 flower. ,5. pauciflora, a species with white 

 flowers, is in cultivation. [M. T. M.] 



SCHWEINITZIA. The name of a genus 

 of fir-rapes, distinguished by the follow- 

 ing characters :— The corolla is bell-shaped, 

 five-lobed, with five dilatations at the base, 

 and as long as the concave pieces of the 

 calyx ; and the bag-like cells of the anthers 

 open by a pore. The only species is S. oclo- 

 rata, a native of North America, and para- 

 sitical on the roots of different plants. 

 The name was given in honour of L. D. 

 von Sehweinitz. [G. D.j 



SCHWENKIA. A curious genus referred 

 to Scrophulariacece. The species are tropi- 

 cal American herbs with panicled flowers ; 

 calyx tubular; corolla tubular, its limb 

 flve-toothed, with two to Ave club-shaped 

 glands placed between the teeth ; stamens 

 five, inserted at the base of the tube of the 

 corolla, opposite to its segments, two only 

 fertile, the remainder antherless; ovary 

 two-celled, the placentae and ovules attach- 

 ed to the partition between the two cavi- 

 ties; fruit capsular, two-valved. S. ame- 

 ricana,-A species with lilac flowers, is in 

 cultivation. Dr. Schwenk was Professor 

 of Medicine at Jena. [M. T. M.] 



SCHWERINIA. This genus, founded 



upon an erroneous observation, is abso- 

 lutely identical with Meriania. [B. S.] 



SCIADOCALYX. A gesneraceous genus 

 consisting of only one species, S. Warsze- 

 wiczii, a native of New Granada, and cul- 

 tivated in hothouses on account of its 

 ornamental qualities, and flowering during 

 the winter months. Its rhizome is catkin- 

 like ; its stem densely covered with hairs, 

 as are also its ovate crenate leaves and 

 axillary flower-stalks ; its calyx is propor- 

 tionally large and bell-shaped, whilst the 

 tubular corolla is somewhat inflated to- 

 wards the top, and of a bright pinkish- 

 scarlet colour. [B. S.] 



SCIADOPHYLLTTM. A genus of ivy- 

 worts, distinguished by a peculiarity of 

 the corolla, the petals of which cohere at 

 the apex; in other respects it is nearly 

 allied to Aralia. The species are trees or 

 climbing shrubs, natives of Asia and tro- 

 pical America. The name is from the 

 Greek words signifying ' shade' and ' leaf,' 

 in allusion to the great size of the leaves 

 in some species. [G. D.] 



SCIADOPITYS verticillata is the repre- 

 sentative of a singular genus of Coni- 

 ferce peculiar to Japan, and closely allied 

 to the North American Sequoia. It has 

 recently been introduced to our gardens, 

 and has been cultivated from time im- 

 memorial by the Japanese around their 

 temples. It belongs to the tribe Cunning- 

 hamicaz, and chiefly differs from its near- 

 est ally, with which it shares the free 

 seeds, in having cones with bracteate 

 scales and five to eight seeds. The trunk 

 is erect, from a hundred to a hundred and 

 fifty feet high, and of pyramidal habit ; the 

 branches verticillate : and the leaves linear, 

 from thirty to forty sessile and crowded at 

 the ends of the branches. The flowers are 

 probably dioecious, the stamens numerous, 

 and the cones are nearly globose, and ripen 

 in the second year. [B. SJ 



SOIADOSERIS. The generic name given 

 by Kunze to a perennial herb belonging to 

 the Compnsitce, cultivated in the Berlin 

 Botanic Garden, and supposed to be of 

 Chilian origin. Its stems are one to two 

 feet high, irregularly branched above, and 

 terminating in corymbs of white flower- 

 heads ; the lower leaves thrice pinnatifid, 

 with sheathing bases, and upwards of a 

 foot long, the sheathing portion only of 

 the upper leaves developed; involucre of 

 two series of lance-shaped scales, enclosing 

 twenty to thirty tubular and perfect five- 

 parted florets, which are seated on a 

 frilled receptacle; achenes four or five- 

 angular, and crowned with a uniserial 

 pappus of unequal rough white hairs. The 

 specific name, vaginata, refers to the 

 sheathing bases of the leaves. The plant 

 is said to be related to Vernonia. [A. A. B.] 



SCIAPHILA. A genus of Triuridacece, 

 consisting, of small slender leafless herbs, 

 usually erect and simple, of a white or 

 reddish colour, which are found in tropical 

 countries growing on moist decaying 



