SCEO] 



Wfyz (£rea£urg of 23fltauM. 



1042 



merous ovules in each cell ; and by albu- 

 minous seeds. The latter character is the 

 most positive to separate them from Big- 

 wmiacece and Acanthacece, which often 

 closely resemble some of their genera. 

 From some Solanacew with slightly irregu- 

 lar flowers, the Salpiglossidce, a tribe of 

 Scrophidariacece, can only be separated by 

 a flue-drawn arbitrary line. The aestiva- 

 tion or arrangement of the lobes of the 

 corolla has suggested the division of the 

 order into three suborders, which have 

 been sometimes considered as distinct 

 groups, viz.: 1. Salpiglossidce, with a centri- 

 fugal inflorescence, the cestivation of the 

 corolla either altogether plaited or partially 

 imbricate, with the two upper lobes outside. 

 These include Browallia, Brunsfelsia, Sal- 

 piglossis, Schizanthas, and a few others.— 

 2. Antirrhinece (or Personatce proper of some 

 authors), with an intloresence either centri- 

 petal or compound, and the corolla bila- 

 biate, in aestivation with the upper two 

 lobes outside. To these belong above ninety 

 genera, among the most important of 

 which are Calceolaria, Verbascttm, Antir- 

 rlrinum , Sc>-ophularia,Pentstemon, Min\ \ulus, 

 licrpestis, Gratiola, Torenia, &c— 3. lihinan- 

 thidece, with the inflorescence of Antir- 

 rhinew, but the corolla imbricate, with the 

 upper two lobes (sometimes united into 

 one) always inside. There are nearly seven- 

 ty genera, including Sibthorpia, Scoparia, 

 Veronica, Buchnera, Gerardia, Bartsia, Eu- 

 phrasia, lihinanthus, Pedicidaris, Melam- 

 pyrum, &c. Buddleia (which see) and its 

 allies, formerly included in Scrophula- 

 riacece, are now referred to Logauiacece. 



SCROPHULARIA. A genus of Scrophu- 

 lariacece, containing nearly one hundred 

 species of herbs or undershrubs found 

 scattered over the extratropical regions 

 of the Old World, one species only having 

 been found in the New World, probably 

 carried thither from Europe. The leaves 

 are opposite, or alternate above; the calyx 

 is flve-lobed or five-cleft ; the corolla sub- 

 globose, its limb minute with two short 

 lips— the upper with two straight lobes 

 and frequently a small scale or abortive 

 stamen within it, the lower with three 

 lobes, the two lateral straight, the middle 

 one decurved ; the style simple, thick- 

 ened at the apex, the stigma emarginate; 

 and the capsule two-celled, dehiscing sep- 

 ticidally by two valves with their margins 

 turned inwards. 



The plants of this genus have generally 

 an unpleasant smell. The generic name is 

 derived from the property which the roots 

 were supposed to have of curing scrofula. 

 A decoction of one of the common British 

 species, 5. nodosa, is sometimes used by 

 farmers to cure the scab in swine. [W.C.] 



The same as Pouch- 



SCROTIFORM. 

 shaped. 



SCROTUM. A pouch ; the volva of some 

 fungals. 



SCURF. The loose scaly matter that is 

 found on some leaves, &c. See Lepidote. 



SCUTATE, or SCUTIFORM. The same 

 as Buckler-shaped. 



SCUT ATI PILL The same as what are 

 generally called Lepides : which see. 



SCUTELLARIA. Herbaceous or rarely 

 shrubby labiate plants, well marked by 

 their ovate calyx, furnished at the back 

 with a concave scale, which finally assumes 

 the appearance of a hinge, on which the 

 upper lip of the calyx closes on the fruit. 

 The genus is represented in Britain by S. 

 galericulata, the common Skullcap, an her- 

 baceous perennial with branched stems, 

 oblong leaves, and long-tubed axillary blue 

 flowers, all turned one way ; it is tolei-ably 

 abundant on the banks of rivers, lakes, 

 and canals. S. minor is a smaller tufted 

 plant with pale-purplish flowers, of which 

 the lower lip is spotted; it is abundant in 

 marshy places in the west of England,' and 

 is found also in some of the midland coun- 

 ties. Among the cultivated species are S. 

 micrantha, from Siberia and the north of 

 China, a handsome species with spiked 

 racemes of blue flowers ; S. coccinea from 

 Mexico, with scarlet flowers, &c. French : 

 Toque ; German : Schildkraut. [C. A. J.] 



SCUTELLIFORM. The same as Patelli- 

 form, but oval not round, as the embryo 

 of grasses. 



SCUTELLUM. Among lichenals such 

 a shield as that of Parmelia, formed with 

 an elevated rim which is derived from the 

 thallus. 



SCUTICARIA Steelii. A common epi- 

 phytal orchid from Demerara, with long 

 thong-like pendulous leaves rising from 

 short ring-scarred pseudobulbs, and large 

 solitary dingy-yellow purple-spotted flow- 

 ers, which grow on very short stalks. It 

 forms a genus by itself, belonging to the 

 Maxillaridece, distinguished by its marked 

 habit and by the shape of the gland on 

 which its two pairs of pollen-masses are 

 seated. The gland is transverse to the 

 pollen-masses, broad and somewhat lunate 

 in the middle, and with the sides extended 

 into long taper-points. [A. S.] 



SCUTIGERA. Platij cerium. 



SCUTUM. The broad dilated stigma of 

 some asclepiads, as Stapelia. 



SC YPHA. The cup-like dilatation of the 

 podetium of lichenals, having shields on 

 its edge. 



SCYPHANTHUS. Grammatocarpus. 



SCYPHIPHORA. The name of a shrub 

 from the shores of the Molucca Isles, con- 

 stituting a genus of Cinchonacece. The 

 flowers are in axillary corymbs, and have 

 an undivided calyx ; corolla funnel-shaped, 

 its limb divided into four lance-shaped 

 spreading segments; stamens four, pro- 

 jecting from the corolla; fruit succulent, 

 marked with eight grooves, surmounted 

 by the tubular calyx, and containing two 

 one-seeded stones. The name is derived 

 from the Greek, and implies ' cupbearer/ in 

 allusion probably to the calyx .[M. T. MJ 



