1089 



Elje Ercatfurn of JSotanji. 



[SQTTI 



They grow in very large rings, and some- 

 times (.as in 1860) occur in thousands, 

 yielding excellent buttons for pickling 

 where it is not thought essential to retain 

 a pale colour, as in the buttons of A. cam- 

 pestris. This, however, is next to impos- 

 sible, as the plant when bruised at once 

 turns yellow, and uuless thrown at once 

 into water acquires soon a brown tint 

 which is indelible. When full-grown they 

 are very good for stewing, though not so 

 delicate in flavour as the true mushroom, 

 neither do they yield such good ketchup as 

 that species. [M. J. B.] 



SPRIT Juneus articulatus. 



SPRUCE. Abies. A. nigra is the Black 

 Spruce, A. alba White Spruce, and A. rubra 

 Red Spruce. — , HEMLOCK. Abies cana- 

 densis. —, NORWAY. Abies excelsa. 



SPRUCE. A fermented liquor made 

 from molasses or treacle, and a decoction 

 of the twigs of the Spruce Fir. 



SPRUCE A. A handsome tall bushy shrub 

 discovered by Mr. Spruce on the shores 

 of the Amazon near the mouth of the Rio 

 Negro, and named after him as a genus 

 of Cinchonaceo?. The flowers, of a yel- 

 lowish cream-colour and with a fine scent 

 of Vanilla, are in dense terminal corymbs. 

 The almost globular tube of the corolla 

 I with minute broad lobes, and the long 

 I projecting stamens, distinguish it from all 

 allied genera ; the two-celled ovary, with 

 numerous imbricate ovules, and the evi- 

 dently capsular fruit, show that it belongs 

 either to the tribe Cinchonem or to that of 

 Rondeletiece, but the ripe seeds being as 

 yet unknown it cannot at present be de- 

 termined to which of these groups it 

 should be referred. 



SPUMARIA. One of the most con- 

 spicuous genera of the semigelatinous 

 puffballs, occurring in the form of frothy 

 and at length lobed masses, white without 

 and dusty within, on the stems of grasses, 

 amongst dead leaves, &c. The peridia are 

 at length completely confluent. There is 

 no beauty to recommend the two or three 

 species of the genus. [M. J. B.] 



SPUNK. Polyporus igniarius. 



SPUR. A hollow terete extension of 

 some part of the flower. The same as 

 Calcar. 



SPURGE. Euphorbia. — , BRANCHED. 



Ernodea littoralis. — , CAPER. Euphorbia 

 Lathyris. — , CYPRESS. Euphorbia Oy- 

 pari.<.<ifis. — , PETTY. Euphorbia Peplus. 

 — , SUN. Euphorbia helioscopia. 



SPCRGEWORTS. Lindley's name for 

 the Euplwrbiacea. 



SPURRY. Spergula. — , CORN. Sper- 

 gula arvensis. —, KNOTTED. Sagina 

 nodosa. — , SAND. Spergularia. 



SPUR-TREE. Petitia domingensis. 



SPUR WORT. Sherardia arvensis. 



SPYPJDIUM. A genus of PJiamnacece, 



comprising a considerable number of 

 Australian species very nearly allied to 

 Trymalium and to Crijptandra, and many 

 of them have been described under one 

 or other or both of these genera. They 

 agree also with both genera in their more 

 or less inferior three-celled ovary, and in 

 their capsule enclosing three membranous 

 or crustaceous cocci ; but differ from Try- 

 malium chiefly in their flowers being 

 closely sessile in little heads, surrounded 

 by small brown bracts ; and from Cryptan- 

 dra in their stamens being inserted imme- 

 diately round the disk, not adnate to the 

 calyx-tube above the disk. They are all 

 small procumbent or heath-like shrubs, 

 more or less hoary with a close tomentum, 

 with small entire leaves, and very small 

 flowers, the heads usually collected into 

 axillary or terminal cymes or compound 

 heads. Few, if any, out of nearly thirty 

 species known, are likely to be ornamental 

 enough for cultivation. 



SQUAMA. A scale-like rudimentary 

 leaf, such as coats and guards the leaf -bud. 



SQUAMATE. Covered with small scale- 

 like leaves. 



SQUAMATIO. A disease, consisting in 

 a preternatural formation of rosettes of 

 scale-shaped leaves, such as occasionally 

 appears on the rose-willow. 



SQUAMELLA. A scale-like membranous 

 bract, such as is found very commonly on 

 the receptacle of composites. 



SQUAMOSE. Scale-like. 



SQUAMULiE. The hypogynous scales 

 of grasses. 



SQUARROSE. Covered with bodies 

 which spread at right angles, or at a 

 greater angle, from the surface which 

 bears them, or being so arranged. 



SQUARROSO-DENTATE. Having teeth 

 which do not lie in the plane of the leaf, 

 but form an angle with it. 



SQUARROSO-LACINIATE. Lacerated 

 in a squarrose way, 



SQUARROSO-P1NNATIPARTITE. Deep- 

 ly pinnatifld with squarrose divisions, as 

 the leaf of Achillea Millefolium. 



SQUARROSO-PINNATISECT. Pinnati- 

 fld, with the segments so straggling as to 

 appear on different planes. 



SQUASH. A variety of Cucurblta 2Ielo- 

 pepo. —, LONG. An American name for 

 Cucumis verrucosa. 



SQUAW-ROOT. Conopholis. 

 SQUAW- WEED. Senecio aureus. 



SQUILL. Urginea mantima ; also the 

 genus Sc-illa. — , CHINESE. Barnardia. 

 — , ROMAN. Bellevalia. 



SQUILLE. (Fr.1 Urginea maritima. 



SQUINANCY-BERRY. Bibes nigrum. 



SQUINANCYWORT. Asperula cynan- 

 chica. 



