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1090 



SQUINE. (Fr.) Smilax China. 



SQUIRREL-CORN. An American name 

 for Dicentra canadensis. 



SQUIRREL-TAIL. Hordeum mariti- 



miuii. 



SQ DITCH. Triticumrepens; also Agrostis 

 stolonifera. 



SRIGUNDA. An Indian name for Sandal- 

 wood. 



STAAVIA. A genus of Brnniacece, dis- 

 tinguished by the corolla being of five 

 lanceolate petals, thick and fleshy below; 

 and tlie seed-vessel half-inferior and two- 

 horned. The species are Cape shrubs, with 

 linear leaves hard at the end ; and flowers 

 intermixed with chaffy scales, arranged in 

 beads with numerous white bracts. The 

 genus was named after Martin Staaf, a cor- 

 respondent of Linnaeus. [G. D.J 



J STACH1DE. (Fr.) Stachys. 



j STACHYANTHUS. A genus of Compo- 

 sure, comprising a Brazilian herbaceous 

 plant of somewhat shrubby habit, covered 

 I with closely-pressed white hairs, and hav- 

 | ing partially-toothed leaves, globulnr 

 j flower-heads surrounded by an involucre 

 of oblong scales; the achenes hairy, sur- 

 mounted by a pappus of many rows of 

 hairs, the outer ones shorter than the 

 inner, [M. T. M.] 



STACHYS. In Greek compounds = a 

 spike. 



STACHYS. The generic name of plants 

 belonging to the order Labiatce, and dis- 

 tinguished from their congeners by the 

 following characters :— The calyx is some- 

 what bell-shaped, with five nearly equal 

 teeth, the tube of the corolla is about as 

 long as the calyx, its upper lip arched and 

 entire, the lower three-lobed, the two late- 

 ral lobes bent down ; and the two anterior 

 stamens are longest. The species are 

 herbs shrubs or undershrubs, widely dis- 

 tributed, and varying greatly in habit, The 

 flowers are two or more in a whorl, usually 

 in terminal masses. The name is from 

 stachys. the Greek for ' spike,' in allusion to 

 the aspect of the inflorescence. [G. D.] 



STACHYTARPHA, or STACHYTAR- 

 PHETA. A genus of Verbenacece, gene- 

 rally considered as a- section of Verbena. 

 It differs from the true Verbenas in having 

 a two-celled fruit, splitting into two seed- 

 like nutlets, and having the two upper 

 stamens without anthers. The species are 

 aromatic herbs or shrubs, natives for the 

 most part of tropical or subtropical Ame- 

 1 rica. The flowers are densely packed upon 

 I somewhat fleshy spikes. S. jamaicensis is 

 I possessed of remarkable medicinal virtues 

 ] according to the Brazilians ; its leaves are 

 sometimes used to adulterate tea, and in 

 I Austria they are sold under the name of 

 Brazilian tea. [W. C] 



STACKHOUSIA, STACKHOUSIACEiE. 

 A genus of polypetalous dicotyledons 

 allied to Celastracece, but differing in so 



many points that it is universally adopted 

 as a distinct order. It consists of about 

 twenty species, all Australian excepting 

 two, one from New Zealand, the other from 

 the Philippine Islands. They are all herbs, 

 with a perennial often woody stock, and 

 simple or little branched erect stems ; the 

 leaves are alternate narrow or small, the 

 flowers white or yellow in a terminal 

 raceme. The calyx is small five-lobed, the 

 tube lined with the disk, on which the sta- 

 mens are inserted alternately with the 

 petals as in Celastracew; but the petals are 

 more or less combined in a tubular corolla, 

 the stamens are unequal, and the ovary and 

 fruit are divided into two to five (usually 

 three) lobes or cocci, all which characters 

 are as different from those of Celastracece 

 as is the habit. None of the species present 

 any interest beyond their botanical struc- 

 ture. The genera Tripterococcus and Plo- 

 kiost ir/ma, proposed to be separated from 

 Siackhousia, have not been generally 

 adopted. 



ST.EHELINA. A genus of Compositce, 

 so named in honour of a Swiss physician 

 and botanist. The species are shrubs, 

 natives of the Mediterranean regions, 

 with narrow leaves, downy on the under- 

 surface, and terminal flower-heads, sur- 

 rounded by a cylindrical involucreof over- 

 lapping scales; receptacle flat, scaly ; co- 

 rollas all tubular, five-cleft; style tumid, 

 and hairy at its upper part; achenes ob- 

 long, surmounted by a pappus of one row 

 of hairs, combined at the base into four or 

 six bundles. [M. T. MJ 



STAFF-TREE. Celastrus. 



STAGGER-BUSH. Lyonia mariana. 



STAGGERWORT. Senecio Jacobaa. 



STAG'S-HORN. Rims typhina ; also 

 Cenomyce cervicomis, and Lycopodium cla- 

 vatum. 



STALK. The stem or support to an 

 organ ; as the petiole of a leaf, the pedun- 

 cle or pedicel of a flower, &c. 



STALKLESS. See Sessile. 



STALKLETS. Secondary petioles; pe- 

 tiolules ; the stalks of leaflets. 



STAMEN. That organ of the flower to 

 which the pollen belongs. — , STERILE. 

 A body belonging to the series of the 

 stamens, but without pollen. 



STAMINAL. Consisting of stamens. 



STAMINIDIA. The antheridia of cryp- 

 togamic plants. 



STAMINIGEROUS. Bearing stamens. 

 STAMINODE, STAMINODIUM. A rudi- 

 mentary stamen, or what appears to be so. 



STANDARD. The fifth petal of a papi- 

 lionaceous flower. 



STANDERWORT. Orchis mascula. 



STANE-RAW, or STANEY-RAG. A 



name of the omphalodes variety of Par- 

 melia saxatilis, which is also called Black 



