1101. 



Clje CreaSurti of 2SfltaitD. 



[STC-N 



the upper entire ; beard jointed at the 

 base, and deciduous. Steudel describes 

 104 species under this remarkable genus, 

 ■which has a wide geographical distribu- 

 tion, obtaining its maximum in the warm 

 temperate zones. The well-known Feather 

 Grass of gardens, S.pennata, is a very orna- 

 mental species, and is frequently planted 

 in flower-borders on that account. It is, 

 when dry, dyed of various bright colours 

 to make household ornaments. [D. MJ 



STIPAGROSTTS. A genus of grasses 

 belonging to the tribe Stipece, and now 

 placed as one of the sections of the 

 genus Aristida. [D. M.] 



STTPELS. Secondary stipules, such as 

 are found at the base of the leaflets of 

 compound leaves. 



STIPES. The petiole of the leaves of 

 ferns. The stem which carries the pileus 

 of such fungals as agarics. 



STIPIFORM. Having the appearance of 

 the trunk of an endogenous tree ; as the 

 papawand other simple-stemmed exogens. 



STIPITATE. Elevated on a stalk which 

 is neither a petiole nor a peduncle ; as, for 

 example, some kinds of carpels. 



STIPULAR. Of or belonging to or 

 standing in the place of stipules. 



STIPULES. Processes of various kinds 

 arising from the base of a leaf, usually 

 from its sides. See Ochrea and Reticu- 

 lum. 



STIRLINGIA. A genus of Protectees, 

 having a regular four-cleft calyx, with 

 plane reflexed spreading lobes ; four sta- 

 mens longer than the tube, inserted in 

 the upper part of it, the anthers cohering 

 at first, but finally free ; a smooth filiform 

 style, with a dilated stigma; and a seed- 

 vessel, or nut containing a single obconical 

 hairy seed. They are small shrubs, natives 

 of South-western Australia, with repeatedly 

 cut leaves, and small yellow flowers in ra- 

 cemes or panicles. [R. B\] 



STIRP8. A race or permanent variety : 

 as the Red Cabbage. 



STITCHTVORT. Stellaria, especially S. 

 Rolostea. 



STOCK. Matthiola. — ,TEN WEEKS'. 

 Matthiola annua. — , VIRGINIAN. Mal- 

 colmia maritima. 



STOCKSIA. A rigid branching glaucous 

 and thorny shrub from the mountains of 

 Beloochistan, forming a genus of Sapin- 

 dacece, remarkable cliiefly for its few 

 simple linear and entire leaves. The flow- 

 ers are rather small, clustered along the 

 branches. The fruit is unknown. 



STCEBE. A genus of Composites, includ- 

 ing a number of small Cape shrubs, having 

 awl-shaped crowded leaves, frequently 

 spirally twisted, the younger ones hairy, 

 the older smooth. The flower-heads are 

 aggregated into roundish or spike-like 

 masses, each surrounded by an involucre 



of overlapping dry membranous scales 5 

 corolla solitary, tubular ; anthers provided 

 with two little hairs at the base; stigmas 

 feathery at the top; achenes oblong; 

 pappus of one row of scales, membranous 

 below, feathery above. Three or four spe- 

 cies are in cultivation as greenhouse 

 plants. The Greeks had a plant known to 

 them as stoibe, and this word has furnished 

 a name for the present genus. [M. T. M.] 



STCECHAS. (Pr.) Lavandula Stcechas. 

 — CITRIN. Gnaphalium Stcechas. 



STOKESIA. A genus of Composites, in- 

 cluding a perennial erect-branched glau- 

 cescent herbaceous plant, having the 

 upper part of the stem very hairy, some 

 of the leaves spiny at the margins, and 

 the flower-heads solitary at the ends of 

 the branches ; each surrounded by a some- 

 what globular involucre, the outer scales 

 of which are prolonged into a leafy spiny- 

 margined appendage, the inner ones cili- 

 ated; the receptacle is fleshy and naked; 

 i corollas blue, palmately divided, sprinkled 

 over with glands ; stigmas somewhat awl- 

 shaped; achenes short, quadrangular; 

 pappus of one row of deciduous membra- 

 nous scales. S. cyanea is cultivated in 

 open borders, in summer, for the sake 

 of its handsome blue flowers. [M. T. M.] 



STOLE, STOLON. A sucker which at 

 first appears at the- surface of the earth, 

 and then turns downwards, piercing the 

 soil or rooting into it. 



STOMA, STOMIUM. The opening pro- 

 videdon the side of the spore-cases of ferns, 

 through which dehiscence takes place. 

 Also the ostiolum of certain fungals. 



STOMATE, STOMATIUM. An organic 

 aperture in the skin of a plant, by means 

 of which respiration is maintained, to 

 provide for which it is always placed over 

 a cavity in the parenchyma, beneath it. 



STOMATECHIUM. A genus of Bora- 

 (jinacecp from the Cape of Good Hope, with 

 the habit of ischium, having the calyx 

 pentagonal five-cleft ; the corolla tubular, 

 with a five-cleft limb, the segments of 

 which are obtuse, closed at the throat by 

 five roundish fleshy scales, muricate ex- 

 ternally ; the stamens included; and the 

 nuts four, subrotund rugose. [J. T. S.j 



STOMATIFEROUS. Bearing stomates. 



STOMATOMORPHOUS. Mouth-shaped. 



STONE. A hard body found in certain 

 fruits, and produced by the ossification of 

 the endocarp or lining of the fruit. 



STONEBREAK. Saxifraga. 



STONECROP. Sedum. — , COMMON. 

 frfihtm acre. — , DITCH. Penthorum. — 

 VIRGINIAN. Penthorum sedoides. 



STONE-FRUIT. A drupe, such as the 

 plum, peach, cherry, &c. 



STONE-HORE. Sedum reflexum, the Stone 

 Orpine. 

 STONEWORT. CJiara. 



