STOO] 



Ct)e Crcaguru of JJotaixu, 



1102 



STOOL. A stemless mother-plant used 

 for propagation by annually bending its 

 branches or 'layers' into the soil. 



STORAX. A gum-resin obtained from 

 Styrax officinale ; also from several species 

 of Liquiclambar. 



STORAXWORTS. Lindley's name for 

 the Styracacece. 

 STORK'S-BILL. Pelargonium. 



STRACHETA. A Himalayan herbaceous 

 plant forming a genus of Leguminosce of 

 the suborder Papilionacece. The very short 

 stem, with almost radical pinnate leaves, 

 and leafless scapes bearing one to four red 

 flowers, as well as the shape and structure 

 of those flowers, render it difficult to dis- 

 tinguish the plant in that state from the 

 smaller species of Hedysarum ; but the 

 fruit is very different, and places Stracheya 

 in the tribe Galegece. The pod is oblong- 

 linear, flat and thin, indehiscent, with the 

 faces often covered with prickly tubercles, 

 as in Hedysarum ; but it has no trace of 

 transverse joints between the seeds, and 

 is bordered by prickly teeth. The nearest 

 affinity of the genus is with the Siberian 

 Eversmannia. 



STRAELEA. A genus of Aristolochiacew, 

 comprising a tree or shrub, native of the 

 Molucca Isles. The branches are jointed ; 

 the leaves stalked leathery and palmately 

 nerved ; and the flowers sessile on a 

 branched spike. The tube of the perianth 

 is elongated four-cornered, and its limb di- 

 vided into three or four ovate concave 

 segments ; stamens nine to twelve ; ovary 

 four-celled ; style short, stigma peltate ; 

 fruit pod-like four-celled, four inches in 

 length, and tapering at the base. [M. T. M.] 



STRAMINEUS. Straw-coloured; dull- 

 yellow mixed with white. 

 STRAMOINE. (Fr.) Datura. 



STRAMONIUM. The Thorn Apple, Da- 

 tura Stramonium. 



STRANGLE-TARE. Vicia lathyroides ; 

 also Cuscuta europasa. 



STRANGULATE. Contracted and ex- 

 panded in an irregular manner. 



STRANViESIA. An interesting genus 

 of Pomacece, inasmuch as its fruits are 

 intermediate between true capsules and 

 pomes. The species is a native of Nepal, 

 and has evergreen lance-shaped saw- 

 toothed leaves, and white flowers in woolly 

 corymbs. The tube of the calyx is top- 

 shaped, not adherent to the ovary, its 

 limb five-toothed ; stamens twenty, alter- 

 nately long and short; ovary free five- 

 celled, each cell with two collateral as- 

 cending ovules ; style five-cleft at the top ; 

 fruit capsular, enclosed within the orange- 

 coloured calyx-tube, dividing into five 

 valves. S. glaucescens, better known un- 

 der the old name of Crataegus glauca, is 

 grown in sheltered spots as an ornamental 

 tree. The generic name commemorates 



the botanical services of the Hon. W. Fox- 

 Strangways. [M. T. M.] 



STRAP-SHAPED. The same as Ligu- 

 late. 



STRAPWORT. Corrigiola. 



STRATIOTES. The Water Soldier, a 

 plant of singular appearance, belonging 

 to the order Hydrocharidacece. The barren 

 and fertile flowers grow on separate plants, 

 and are contained in two-leaved spatita.es ; 

 the former numerous, with twelve to 

 thirteen stamens, and twice as many im- 

 perfect ones ; the latter solitary, with six 

 stigmas, and numerous sterile stamens, 

 which however sometimes become per- 

 fect. The plant, which resembles an 

 American aloe in miniature (hence its 

 name, S. aloides), is attached to the mud 

 by a cord-like runner, or is suspended free 

 in the water, elevating only its flowers 

 and a portion of its leaves above the sur- 

 face. The leaves are of a highly cellular 

 structure, and pellucid. The Water Sol- 

 dier is a dangerous plant to introduce into 

 artificial water, as it increases with great 

 rapidity, and is more curious than or- 

 namental. French: Aloides; German: 

 Wasserfeder. [0. A.J.] 



STRATUM. A layer of tissue. Str. cel- 

 lulosum is a cellular layer forming the 

 exterior of . bark, immediately below the 

 epidermis ; Str. corticale is any layer be- 

 longing to bark; and Str.ligneum is one 

 of the woody layers in the stem of exo- 

 gens. Str. sporidiiferum is the flesh, and 

 Str. svorophorum the hymenium, of certain 

 fungals. 



STRAVADIUM. A Latinised version of 

 a Malabar name applied to certain Indian 

 trees of the family Barringtoniacece. The 

 genus is nearly allied to Barringtonia, but 

 is distinguished from it by its four-parted 

 calyx, two-celled ovary, and ribbed four- 

 sided fruit. The root of S. racemosum has 

 aperient qualities, and its bark has a bitter 

 taste, and is employed in fevers. [M. T. MJ 



STRAW. The above-ground stem of 

 Grasses, especially of the cereals. 



STRAWBERRY. Fragaria. — , ALPINE. 

 Fragaria vesca. — , BARREN. Potentilla 

 Fragariastrum ; also Waldsteinia fragario- 

 ides. — , DALMATIAN. Arbutus TJnedo. 

 — , HAUTBOIS. Fragaria elatior. — , 

 PINE. Fragaria grandiflora. — , SCARLET. 

 Fragaria virginiana. — , WOOD. Fragaria 

 vesca. 



STRAWBERRY-BUSH. Fuonymus ame- 

 ricanus. 



STRAWBERRY-TREE. Arbutus Unedo. 



STREAMWORTS. A name sometimes 

 given to the Haloragacece. 



STREBLORHIZA. Clianthus. 



STRELESKIA. A Tasmanian genus of 

 Lobeliacece, comprising a small herbaceous 

 species with a rosette of leaves, from the 

 midst of which springs a flower-stalk 

 bearing a single flower ; calyx four or five- 



