STEl] 



£I)e CnraSuru at 23ctany. 



1104 



sort of longitudinal lines, whether arising 

 from veins, or fine streaks of colour, or 

 long cliannellings. 



STRICTUS. Very upright, or very 

 straight. 



STRIGA. A genus of Scrophulariacece, 

 containing several scabrous herbs, which 

 are parasitic on the roots of plants. They 

 are natives of Asia Africa and Australia. 

 The lower leaves are opposite, and the 

 upper alternate ; they are linear, or some- 

 times reduced to mere scales. The flowers 

 spring singly from the axils, forming a ter- 

 minal spike; the calyx is tubular and cos- 

 tate ; the corolla-tube is incurved, and the 

 spreading limb two-lipped. [W. C] 



STRIGiE. Sharp close-pressed rigid hairs. 



STRIGOSE. Covered with strigse. Lin- 

 naeus considered this word synonymous 

 with Hispid. 



STRIGULA. A genus of lichens belong- 

 ing to the section with cyst-like fruit, 

 occurring on the leaves of trees princi- 

 pally in tropical countries. The thallus 

 is produced beneath the true cuticle, 

 whence it has usually a bright shining 

 appearance, which, in connection with the 

 pure white or green tint and jet-black 

 fruit, makes the species (.though small) 

 very conspicuous. The European species 

 are doubtful, and perhaps S. Babingtoni, 

 which occurs on box and laurel-leaves in 

 this country, might be referred to the 

 fungal genus Asterina : at any rate, it dif- 

 fers greatly in its dingy hue and partly 

 filamentous thallus from the tropical 

 species. 



Strigulce are subject to a curious change, 

 in which the filaments of the thallus are 

 predominant and become erect, bearing 

 gonidia at their tips. In this state they 

 have been described as species of Cepha- 

 leurus. [M. J. B.] 



STRINGWOOD. Acalypha rubra. 

 STRIPED. Marked with longitudinal 

 stripes of colour. 



STROBILACEOTJS, STROBILIFORM. 

 Having the appearance of a strobilus. 



STROBILANTHES. A large genus of 

 Acanthacece, comprising many herbs and 

 shrubs scattered over Tropical Asia and 

 Africa. The flowers are in axillary or ter- 

 minal heads, or spikes that are sessile or 

 pedunculate: the calyx is divided to the 

 base into five sepals ; the five lobes of the 

 corolla are nearly equal, and spreading , 

 the four stamens have parallel and equal 

 anther-cells ; the two cells of the ovary 

 have each two ovules ; the style is subulate 

 and entire, or with a very minute upper 

 tooth ; and the capsule generally has the 

 seeds towards its middle. [W. C] 



STROBILORH ACHIS. A genus of Acan- 

 thacece, containing two handsome species 

 from Tropical Anferica. They are shrubs 

 or herbs, with four-sided spikes, which 

 are covered with the broad limbs of the 

 bright-coloured corolla ; the corolla is 



[ two-lipped, with a slender incurved tube 

 1 opening upwards into a broad limb, the 

 upper lip of which is two-lobed, and the 

 lower three-lobed ; the stamens are in- 

 cluded'; and the stigma is two-lipped and 

 compressed, funnel-shaped. [W. C] 



STROBILUS. A fir-cone ; also any fruit 

 which resembles a fir-cone ; an imbricated 

 scaly inflorescence; a collection of hard 

 scales, representing distinct flowers ar- 

 ranged spirally, but closely imbricated. ' 



STROMA. A word synonymous with 

 Thallus, but applied especially to the sub- 

 stance in which the perithecia are im- 

 mersed in such genera as Hypoxylon, or 

 which contains the fructifying cells as in 

 Dothidea. [M. J. B.] 



STROMANTHE. A genus of Maranta- 

 cew, comprising an East Indian species, 

 with large stalked variegated leaves, and 

 flowers in a branched spike arranged in 

 pairs between two coloured bracts. The 

 distinguishing characteristics reside in 

 the inner segments of the corolla, of which 

 there are two of unequal size, while the 

 third (or lip) is absent. The staminode 

 is petal-like, very large, roundish concave 

 ] at the top ; the two stamens are petaloid, 

 I united at the base with the staminode ; 

 ' the sterile one concave at the top, the 

 ; concavity concealing the deflected stigma; 

 [ the fertile stamen bears a one-celled an- 

 ther on its outer surface; the ovary is 

 I two-celled. [M. T. M.] 



J STROMBOOARPA. A section of Proso- 



i pis, distinguished by the pod being spiral- 



i ly twisted like a corkscrew, and which 



some botanists have proposed to adopt as 



! a distinct genus of Mimosece. There are 



several species, chiefly bushy shrubs, some 



of them abundant in the plains of Buenos ! 



Ayres and Patagonia, as well as in New 



Mexico, and known by the names of Retor- 



quillo and some others, expressive of the 



singular shape of their fruits. 



STROM BOSIA. A genus of Olacacew, 

 consisting of trees with alternate entire 

 coriaceous leaves, and very small flowers 

 in axillary clusters or small cymes. It is 

 distinguished in the order by having five i 

 stamens opposite the petals, and the ovary 

 almost completely superior, divided nearly 

 to the top into three four or Ave cells; 

 whilst the fruit, a one-seeded drupe as in 

 other genera, is almost completely inferior. 

 There are six species known, one from 

 Tropical Africa, the remainder from Tropi- 

 cal Asia. 



STROMBUS-SHAPED, STROMBULI- 

 FORM. Twisted in a long spire, so as to 

 resemble the convolutions of the shell 

 called a Strom bus— as the pod of Acacia 

 strombulifera or Medicago polymorpha. 



STRONG-MAN'S- WEED. Petiveria allia- 

 cea. 



STROPHANTHTTS. This name, derived 

 from the Greek strophes 'a twisted cord 

 or rope,' and anthos 'a flower,' is expres- 

 sive of the chief peculiarity of the flowers 



