with a thin green flesh, each cell containing 

 a single seed. [A. S.j 



The New Zealand Spinach, T. expanm, is 

 found in Tasmania, Australia, Norfolk 

 Island, and on both sides of South Ame- 

 rica, as well as in New Zealand and Japan. 

 It is a half-hardy annual under cultivation, 

 and was introduced to this country from 

 New Zealand in 1772 by Sir Joseph Banks, 

 on his return from accompanying Captain 

 Cook in his first voyage round the world. 

 It is of trailing habit, with many branches, 

 ■which are furnished with numerous ovate 

 or rhomboid alternate thick succulent 

 deep-green leaves. As a substitute for 

 summer spinach, this plant has been grown 

 in private gardens for many years past ; 

 and it yields a large produce, -which in the 

 hands of a skilful cook may be made an 

 excellent vegetable dish, although inferior 

 to spinach. In dry warm seasons it has been 

 found very useful for culinary purposes 

 when there has been a scarcity of the true 

 spinach. The chief objection to it as a 

 cooked vegetable, is the abundance of 

 mucilage, which gives it a somewhat slimy 

 consistence. [W. B. B.j 



TETRAGONOLOBUS. A genus of legu- 

 minous plants allied to Lotus, from which 

 they are well distinguished by their quad- 

 rangular winged pods. T. edulis or pzirpu- 

 reus, the "Winged Pea, a native of Sicily, is 

 an herbaceous annual with diffuse hairy 

 stems, ovate leafy 'stipules, trifoliolate 

 leaves, and axillary one to two-flowered 

 peduncles, each furnished with a bract ; 

 the flowers are deep red, and the legume is 

 smooth and broadly winge'd. The pods 

 were formerly employed by the poor of 

 Sicily and Spain as an esculent vegetable; 

 and the plant is cultivated as a. popular 

 border annual on account of its curious 

 pods. Two or three other species are 

 grown, which have yellow flowers. Of 

 these T. maritimus and T. siliquosus are 

 perennials ; T. coiijugatus is an annual, dis- 

 tinguished by having its pods always in 

 pairs. See Lotus. [C. A. J.] 



TETRAGONOUS. Four-cornered or quad- 

 rangular. 



TETRAMELES. A genus of the small 

 order Datiscacece, in which it is remarkable 

 as belns the only large-growing tree. The 

 branches are flexuose ; the leaves acute or 

 acuminate, sometimes lobed ; and the flow- 

 ers small and very numerous, dioecious, 

 appearing before the leaves, spicate— those 

 of the males panicled and erect, and those 

 of the females nearly simple elongated and 

 pendulous. They have a four-cleft calyx 

 and no corolla; the males havingalso four 

 stamens, and the females a one-celled ovary 

 with numerous ovules, and four styles. 

 This tree is the Jungle-bendy of India, and 

 the "Weenong of Java. ; [T. M.J 



TETRANEMA. A genus of Scrnphula- 

 riacece, containing a single species from 

 ■, a small herb with the habit of a 

 Gloxinia, having opposite thick leaves. 

 The calyx is five-cleft ; the tubular corolla 

 bilabiate, with the upper lip bifid and the 



lower trifid ; and there are four fertile 

 stamens, the fifth being altogether absent. 

 The genus is separated from Pait*temon 

 by this latter character alone. [W. C] 



TETRANTHERA. An extensive genus 

 of Lauracece, chiefly found in the tropics 

 and warm parts of the Eastern Hemi- 

 sphere, one species, however, extending 

 to as far north as Japan, and another as 

 far south as New Zealand, but very few 

 being American. The majority are trees, 

 frequently of large size, having evergreen 

 or rarely deciduous feather-veined leaves, 

 and little heads or umbels consisting of 

 numerous flowers, surrounded by an in- 

 volucre formed of four to six broad con- 

 cave overlapping bracts, the two sexes 

 being usually produced by distinct trees. 



T. laurifolia is widely dispersed over 

 Tropical Asia and the islands of the Eastern 

 Archipelago to as far south as New Guinea. 

 Its leaves and young branches abound in 

 a viscid juice, and in Cochin China the 

 natives bruise and macerate them until 

 this becomes glutinous, when it is used for 

 mixing- with plaster to thicken and render 

 it more adhesive and durable. Its fruits 

 yield a solid fat, commonly used in the 

 same country formaking candles, notwith- 

 standing its disagreeable odour. [A. S.J 



TETRAPATBT^A. A genus of New- 

 Zealand climbing plants belonging to the 

 order Passifloracece, and differing little 

 from Pasfiflora, except in the tendency of 

 the flowers to become dioecious, and in 

 the parts of the flower being arranged in 

 fours. The flower-stalks usually bear three 

 flowers. [M. T. M.] 



TETRAPHIS. A genus of acrocarpous 

 mosses belonging to the natural order 

 Tttraphidei, which is distinguished by the 

 peristome having but four teeth. It con- 

 sists of a single species only, which has 

 somewhat the habit of a Mnium, and oc- 

 curs in shady rocky places, at the decaying 

 roots of trees, and on banks in a peaty 

 soil. The stems grow from a common 

 base as in Schistostega, and some of them 

 bear a little cup-shaped cluster of gems at 

 the top. The veil is mitriform, and is 

 irregularly plicate, resembling somewhat 

 that of Orthntriclium. The genus Tetradon- 

 tium (of which onespecies, T.Brownianum, 

 is of rare occurrence in Great Britain) is 

 separated from it on account of habit, the 

 long linear but minute leaves at the base 

 being very peculiar. A form, sometimes 

 separated as a species, however occurs, in 

 which the leaves are broader. T. repandum 

 differs in having lash-shaped branchlets, 

 and the mouth of the capsule notched or 

 wavy at the -interstices of the peristome. 

 Mr. Wilson believes that he has found this 

 in a barren state in Cheshire. [M. J. B.J 



TETRAPHYLLOUS. Four-leaved. 



TETRAPLA SANDRA. Under this name 

 is described a genus of Araliacece, com- 

 prising a lofty tree, with pinnate leaves, 

 and umbellate inflorescence, native of the 

 Sandwich Isles. The flowers are pulyga- 



