1169 



Elje GTrfas'urg at SSatann. 



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TRICYCLA. This name has been given 

 to a tree, native of Brazil, which consti- 

 tutes a genus of Syctaginacece. Some of 

 the branches are spiny ; the leaves are 

 alternate and tufted : and the flowers are 

 solitary, on short stalks from the base of 

 the tufts of leaves. The involucre consists 

 of three coloured leaves. The perianth is 

 petaloid, tubular, constricted in the middle, ! 

 its limb having five lobes ; stamens five, 

 free: ovary one-celled, with a single ovule; 

 fruit angular, enclosed within the harden- 

 ed base of the perianth, and surrounded by . 

 the persistent involucre. [M. T. MJ 



TRICYRTIS. A genus of MelanthacecB, \ 

 from Nepal and Japan. It consists of erect j 

 woolly herbs, with alternate ovate-cordate 

 amplexicaul leaves, and a leafy terminal [ 

 panicle of flowers ; these have a six-leaved 

 perianth, the segments connivent in a ball, 

 and narrowed into claws, the three outer 

 bulging at the base : six stamens ; a three- 

 cleft style, with six stigmas ; and seeds 

 with rough black seed-coats. [J. T. S.] 



TRIDAX. The name of a genus of 

 Compositw, comprising a Central American 

 herbaceous plant, with stalked ovate leaves, 

 borne on procumbent stems. The flower- 

 heads are surrounded by an involucre of . 

 two rows of bracts, the outer (six or eight 

 in number) ovate leafy hairy externally, i 

 the inner membranous and very smooth ; 

 the receptacle is covered with lanceolate 

 scales. The fruits are compressed, hairy, 

 each surmounted by a pappus of fifteen or 

 sixteen branched scales. [M. T. MJ 



TRIDEXTATE. When the point is 

 truncated, and has three indentations. 



TRIDEXTIA. One of the subdivisions 

 of Stapelia, proposed by Haworth. It has 

 the outer staminal crown five-parted, the 

 divisions in the form of three teeth, and 

 the inner bifid, the innermost horn being i 

 longer than the others. [T. MJ 



TRIDESMIS. A genus of trees or shrubs I 

 of the family Eypericacece. The species 

 are natives of the Moluccas, and have an- 

 gular branches, bearing on their extremi- 

 ties a terminal bud, consisting of membra- 

 nous wavy dotted scales. The flower- 

 stalks originate from the axils of the scars 

 of the fallen leaves. The calyx is five- i 

 parted, persistent ; petals five, provided in ! 

 the interior with a trilobed linear ap- 

 pendage ; stamens five, in three parcels, 

 alternating with which are three small , 

 awl-shaped scales; ovary three-celled, 

 ovules numerous, styles three; fruit cap- i 

 sular. The name is derived from the Greek I 

 treis ' three ' and desme * a bundle,' in allu- 

 sion to the number of stamens. [M. T. MJ 



TRIEDER. Having three sides. 



TRIENNIAL, TRIENNIS. Lasting for 

 three years. 



TRIENTALTS. A small genus of Primu- 



laceee, the species of which are found in 



Europe and North America. They are low 



' and smooth perennials, having an erect 



stem, which bears some alternate usually 

 minute and scale-like leaves below, and a 

 single whorl of large leaves at the top, 

 from which spring one or more single- 

 flowered peduncles. The calyx is five to 

 seven-parted ; the corolla rotate, with a I 

 short tube, and as many deep flat divisions j 

 as the calyx ; there are five to seven sta- , 

 mens, inserted at the base of the corolla; 

 the capsule is many-seeded, and opens to 

 the base with five to nine recurved fuga- 

 cious valves ; and the seeds are inverted, 

 and have a reticulated tunic. [W. CJ 



TRIFARIAM, TRIFARIOUS. In three 

 rows. 



TRIPID. Split halfway into three parts. 



TRIFOLIATE, TRIFOLIOLATE. Bear- 

 ing three leaflets from the same point; as 

 in those of the clover. 



TRIFOLIUM. A genus of papilionaceous 

 Leguminosce, distinguished by trifoliate 

 leaves, with stipules adhering to the leaf- 

 stalk. The number of British species is 

 variously estimated at from fifteen to 

 twenty: of these about half may be called 

 meadow or pasture herbs, and the re- 

 mainder weeds. 



The agrarian species of Clover or Trefoil 

 may be grouped as follows :— Red : T. pra- 

 tense, Red or Broad-leaved Clover ; T. me- 

 dium, Zigzag Clover ; T. incarvatum, 

 Carnation Clover. Pinkish or White : 

 T. hybridum, Alsike Clover; T. repens, 

 White or Dutch Clover. Yellow : T. 

 procumbens ; T. fill forme. 



The Broad-leaved Red Clover is found in 

 most fertile meadows, and is extensively 

 employed asa shiftingcrop, either by itself, 

 or in mixtures which the farmer calls 

 'seeds.' Its arable form is much larger 

 than the wilder varieties; it is, indeed, 

 so much an induced plant, that it has be- 

 come difficult to make it hold to some 

 lands so perfectly as it formerly did, in 

 which cases the soil is described as 'clover- 

 sick.' The Zigzag Clover is so called from 

 the angular bends at each jointof its stalk. 

 Its leaflets are more pointed than those 

 of T. pratense, and usually without the 

 white spot, but this character is not con- 

 stant. It is a lover of sandy soils, whereas 

 the T. pratense is not so well adapted for 

 light land ; and being a large species it 

 appears to have been introduced to culti- 

 vation as a good cropper where the com- 

 moner clover had failed. Some ten years 

 ago T. medium could be obtained of the 

 seedsman, but at present its place is sup- 

 plied by what is labelled T. pratense. per enne, 

 and commonly called 'Cow-grass.' The 

 solution of this mystery appears to be that 

 the two forms here mentioned are but 

 varieties of the Broad-leaved Clover, the 

 sand-clover in cultivation so rapidly assum- 

 ing the characters of Broad Clover, that, 

 however different they may originally have 

 been, their distinctive characters cannot 

 with certainty be maintained in their 

 growth as crop-plants. Hence the disputes 

 which are so constant between fanners and 



