1183 



Clje Crectfurg at $3otann. 



TURN 



TUN HOOF. Xepeta Glechoma. 

 TDNICA. A genus of Caryophyllacece, 



intermediate between Dianthusnnd Gypso- 

 phila, having the peltate seeds and 

 straight embryo of the former, and the 

 short few-nerved calyx of the latter. The 

 species are natives of Europe and the Me- 

 diterranean region, and also of Central 

 Asia. [J. T. S.J 



TUNICA (adj. TUNICATE). The skin of 

 a seed : any loose membranous skin not 

 formed from epidermis. 



TUUNA An Indian name for the Toon- 

 tree, Cedrela Toona. 



TUPA. One of the genera of Lobeliacem, 

 consisting of tall herbaceous plants or 

 undershrubs, with unbranched stems, al- 

 ternate lance-shaped leaves, and many- 

 flowered leafy racemes. The calyx is five- 

 lobed, the corolla persistent, its tube slit 

 on the upper side, its limb bent down- 

 wards, and consisting of five petals irre- 

 gularly united together— the two lateral 

 ones spreading, all ultimately crowded 

 together after flowering; stamens Ave, 

 united together, some or all of the anthers 

 hairy; capsule two-vaived. 



These plants are natives of Peru, Chili, 

 and the West Indies. T. Feuillei yields an 

 acrid poison m Chili, where the root is 

 chewed to relieve the pain of decaying 

 teeth. So acrid is this plant,.that Feuillee 

 says that even the odour of the flowers 

 will cause excessive vomiting, aud if taken 

 internally, or even applied to the skin, 

 violent inflammation and pain are pro- 

 duced, sometimes resulting in death. Some 

 of these plants are grown in this country 

 for their handsome purple scarlet yellow 

 or greenish flowers. [M. T. MJ 



TUPELO-TREE. Nyssa. 



TUPISTRA. A genus of the.group called 

 Aspidistrece, which is usually" regarded as 

 belonging to Liliacece, though differing in 

 habit from most of the order. They are 

 natives of India, and have thick tuberous 

 rhizomes winged by the bases of the leaves, 

 which are two-ranked, and resemble those 

 of the Zivgiberacew. The flowers are on a 

 scape, dingy purple or green, with a bell- 

 shaped six or eight-cleft perianth, having 

 six or eight stamens inserted on the sides 

 of its tube, aud the stigma radiating and 

 four-lobed. [J.T. Sj 



TURANIRA-WOOD. The timber of the 

 Bastard Bully-tree of Guiana. 



TURBINATE. The same as Top-shaped. 



TURBITH. A genus of Umbelliferce, 

 containing a single species, an herbaceous 

 plant with tripartite decompound leaves, 

 the segments of which are very narrow 

 and linear ; and terminal umbels, which 

 have deciduous involucres, and many- 

 leaved involucels. The calyx-tube is five- 

 toothed and deciduous ; and the petals are 

 onovate, with an inflexed appendage. The 

 fruit is contracted at the side, and the 

 carpels have five obtuse equal ribs, with 



, onevitta in the intervals and two in the 

 ! commissure. The carpophore divides into 

 two. The species is a native of the moun- 

 tains of Carnia and Piedmont. [ W -CJ 



! TURBITH BLANC. (Fr.) Globularia 

 ; Alypum. 



I TURCZANINOWIA. This latinised ver- 

 sion of the name of a celebrated Russian 

 botanist is applied toa genus of Composite. 

 The species is a perennial plant, native of 

 Dalmrian marshes. The leaves are entire, 



| the flower-heads borne in a many-headed 



I corymb, each surrounded by an involucre. 



I of linear scales ; the outer florets are ligu- 

 late, entire, female, white ; the central ones 

 tubular, five-toothed, perfect and yellow; 

 the achenes compressed, and surmounted 

 by a pappus of silky hairs. [M. T. M.] 



i TURGENIA. A genus of ■Umbelliferce, 

 consistingof herbs, with pinnatisect leaves, 

 and few-rayed umbels, and with the general 

 and partial involucres having three to five 

 leaves. The sepals are setaceous. The 

 fruit is contracted laterally and subdidy- 

 namous; the carpels have five primary 

 ridges with a single row of prickles, and 

 four large secondary ones with two or 

 three rows of prickles. In other respects 

 the characters of the genus are as in Caa- 

 calis, of which it is by many considered 

 only a section. The species are natives of 

 the Mediterranean region. [W. C] 



'• TURIO. A scaly sucker, which after- 

 wards becomes a stem ; as in asparagus. 



j TURKEY-BERRY. A West Indian name 

 for Solarium torvum and S. mammosum. 



TURKEY-BERRY TREE. Cordia Collo- 

 cocca. 



TURKEY-BLOSSOM. A West Indian 

 name for Tribulus cistoides. 

 I TURKEY-FEATHER LAYER. Thecom- 

 j mon name of Padina pavonia. 



I TURKS-CAP. Melocactus communis; 

 also Lilium Martagon. 



j TURK'S-HEAD. Melocactus communis. 

 TURMERIC. A medicinal and tinctorial 

 substance obtained from the root of Cur- 

 cuma longa. It forms one of the chief in- 

 I gredients in the preparation of Indian 

 J curry-stuff or curry-powder, to which it 

 imparts its yellowish hue. 



TURMERIC-TREE. A species of Zieria. 



TURNEP. Brassiea Rapa. 



TURNERACEiE. {Tumerads^. A small 

 order of polypetalous dicotyledons, con- 

 sisting of tropical herbs or undershrubs, 

 chiefly American or African, with alter- 

 nate leaves, and yellowish or blue axillaiy 

 flowers. They agree with Passifloraceai, 

 B maliacece, and some others in their 

 petals alternating with the lobes of a cam- 

 pan ulate or tubular calyx, and in their one- 

 celled ovary with three parietal placentas; 

 and are chiefly remarkable for their forked 

 styles. It is doubtful whether the two or 

 three small genera associated with Turnera 



