234 HISTORY, GOVERNMENT, ETC., 



tive Council, and to supply their place, as well as to appoint tempo- 

 rary members to fill vacancies. 



He appoints all justices of the peace, coroners, constables, and other 

 necessary officers. 



He has the power to grant pardons, reprieves, &c, and to remit 

 punishments for offences : treason, or wilful murder, only excepted ; 

 for which, upon extraordinary occasions, he can reprieve until the 

 pleasure of the crown be known. His power to shorten the time 

 of transportation is limited, by the condition that all instruments in 

 writing for that purpose are to be approved by the crown. 



With the advice of the Executive Council, he is empowered to 

 divide the territory, and its dependencies, into districts, counties, 

 towns, &c, to fortify and erect forts, and provide for the defence of 

 the country. 



All public moneys are issued for the support of the government 

 by warrant from the Governor, but only for purposes particularly 

 pointed out. 



He may give titles to crown lands. He has also power to appoint 

 fairs, marts, markets, ports, harbours, bays, and havens. 



The person who succeeds, in case of the death or absence of the 

 Governor, is the Lieutenant-Governor, and next to him, the Com- 

 mander of the Forces. 



The Executive Council consists of four persons holding office in 

 the colony. 



1st. The senior officer of the Forces. 2d. The Bishop of Aus- 

 tralia. 3d. The Colonial Secretary of New South Wales ; and 4th, 

 the Colonial Treasurer ; the two latter for the time being. These are 

 appointed by letters patent, under the great seal. It is a council of 

 advice and restraint, and the matters on which they are to be con- 

 sulted are especially mentioned in their commission. 



The Legislative Council consists of fifteen persons, including the 

 Governor, seven of whom hold offices under the government, and 

 during royal pleasure, viz. : 



1st. Chief Justice. 2d. Bishop of Australia. 3d. The Commander 

 of the Forces. 4th. The Colonial Secretary. 5th. The Attorney- 

 General. 6th. The Collector of the Customs 7th. The Auditor- 

 General ; with seven others who do not hold offices, but are nominated 

 by the crown. 



As is truly said in the colony, they are governed by the royal pre- 

 rogative, exercised in the person of the Governor. 



