MA UN A LOA. 159 



more regularly forwarded ; and also for the transportation of Longley to 

 the ship. Taking with me James G. Clarke, a seaman, I again started 

 for the summit, heavily laden with provisions. Longley was found 

 better, and some of the men able to move about; and in order to prevent 

 any accident by losing the direction, small flags were placed, as we 

 went up, within sight of each other. We reached the observatory at 

 the terminal crater at four o'clock, after a hard walk of six hours. 

 We had now three stations, viz. : the Recruiting Station, Lieutenant 

 Alden's, and the Flag Station, under the sergeant of marines. These 

 made it a more easy task to get the loads up, although it would 

 require a longer time. 



I found they had built some part of the wall around our encamp- 

 ment on the summit, and being apprehensive that we were again to 

 have bad weather, we all joined to secure the tents more effectually 

 against the anticipated storm. 



The cold, this day, to our feelings, was intense, although the 

 temperature was not lower than 26°. All our exertions in carrying 

 stone for the wall, and violent exercise, could not keep us warm. Dr. 

 Pickering caine in, towards dark, half frozen, having made the circuit 

 of the three craters, which had occupied him nearly all day. The 

 stream of the last eruption, some sixty years since, was from the 

 north crater. 



The two chronometers, with the pendulum clock, and some of the 

 pendulum apparatus, had reached the top during the day ; and I was 

 rejoiced to find, on examination and comparison with the one I had, 

 that no difference of rate had yet taken place. 



We found the experiment of enclosing the camp in with a stone 

 wall to succeed admirably, protecting us very much from the south- 

 west wind. The temperature during the night fell to 17°. 



On the 28th the day dawned with fine weather. At sunrise the 

 effect of refraction was very similar to that before described. I was 

 again struck with the apparent smallness of the diameter of the sun 

 when seen in the horizon. The day continued beautifully clear, with 

 a very strong wind from the westward. We were employed in taking 

 observations, and the transit was set firml}^ to get the passage of the 

 stars: a wall was also built around the observatory, to protect it from 

 the wind. 



Finding there was no longer any necessity for the Flag Station 

 to be continued, I ordered the sergeant and party up to Pendulum 

 Peak, and directed Lieutenant Alden to remove to the Recruiting 



