lf,6 MA UN A LO A. 



calabashes, and by filling it with stones, converting it into a "brasero." 

 This answered our purpose admirably, except that we were occa- 

 sionally annoyed with smoke. Dr. Judd, not content with this rude 

 contrivance, invented a fire-place and chimney, which he built in one 

 corner of the tent, and which occupied all the spare room we had. 

 We thus were enabled to enjoy the comforts of what, on the top of 

 Mauna Loa, we called a good fire. How good it was, may be under- 

 stood when it is stated, that our allowance of fuel was three sticks of 

 wood per day ; and that water froze within a couple of feet of the fire, 

 when it was giving out the most heat. 



In a former gale, one of our three barometers had been blown over, 

 spilling the mercur}^, though not injuring the tube ; being prepared 

 for such accidents, I filled the tube again and took a careful compari- 

 son with the others, in the event of farther accidents. 



The temperature of boiling water was again tried, and found 187°; 

 the barometer stood at 18-384 in. No dew-point could be obtained. 

 Electricity was developed in large sparks. 



Brooks, who was employed in putting up signals around the old 

 crater with Lieutenant Budd, brought in some fine specimens from 

 the north crater ; among them were some having almost the appear- 

 ance of pure glass. He had found a small piece of fern in the 

 rich earth of the crater, which was regarded by us all as a great 

 curiosity. 



The afternoon of the 6th, the atmosphere was heavy, causii;ig much 

 refraction ; there was little air stirring at the time. 



The 7th, we continued our observations; the temperature of the 

 pendulum-house now continued equable at 40°. 



On the Sth, we had a change to cold, raw, and disagreeable weather; 

 snow began to fall, and a kona or southwest gale set in; the tempera- 

 ture fell soon to 20°. 



At 10 p. M., I was unable to proceed with the pendulum observa- 

 tions ; for such was the fui-y of the storm, that the journeyman-clock, 

 with a loud beat, although within three feet of my ear, could not 

 be heard. I was indeed apprehensive that the whole tent, house, 

 and apparatus would be blown over and destroyed. The barometer 

 indicated but little change. This storm continued until sunrise of 

 the 9th, when it moderated. I have seldom experienced so strong 

 a wind ; it blew over and broke one of the barometers, although 

 its legs had been guarded carefully by large stones ; and the wind 

 was so violent at times, that it was with difficulty we could keep our 



