30 



A.C. GILL AND J.E. RANDALL 



Table 1 Meristic frequencies for specimens of Canthidermis macrolepis. Data for type specimens of Canthidermis longirostris and C. villosus follow 

 Tortonese (1954) and Fedoryako (1979), respectively. 







D, rays 





A rays 





P, rays* 





Body scale rows* 





Head scale 



rows* 





24 



25 



26 



22 23 



24 



15 16 



35 



36 



37 



38 



39 



40 



25 26 



27 



28 29 



B. macrolepis 

































Lectotype 



- 



- 



1 



1 



- 



2 



- 



- 



- 



- 



2 



- 



2 



- 



- 



Paralectotype 



- 



1 



- 



damaged 





1 1 



- 



- 



2 



- 



- 



- 



2 



- 



- 



C. longirostris holotype 



- 



- 



1 



- 



1 



not given 



- 



- 



- 



1 



- 



- 



not given 







C. villosus types** 



1 



2 



3 



3 5 



- 



1 7 



- 



2 



- 



3 



1 



2 



not given 







Murray specimens 



- 



2 



- 



1 1 



- 



4 



1 



1 



2 



- 



- 



- 



- 



2 



1 1 



Totals 



1 



5 



5 



4 7 



1 



2 14 



1 



3 



4 



4 



3 



2 



2 2 



2 



1 1 



* - characters where bilateral counts are included for some specimens. ** - it is apparent from data given for other Canthidermis species that Fedoryako (1979) did not include 

 the upper rudiment in his counts of pectoral-fin rays; we have therefore added one to the values recorded by him. 



Table 2 Selected morphometric values expressed as percentages of SL for specimens of Canthidermis macrolepis. 





Murray 



specs 





C. villosus 



types 



longirostris 



macrol 







Holo. 



Paratypes 



Paratypes 



?pis types 











(n=3) 



(n=4) 



holo. 



Paral. 



Lecto. 



SL 



30.5 



32.0 



55.5 



75-95 



111-177 



365 



444 



457 



Head length 



39.0 



39.7 



37.6 



35.0-36.4 



33.6-34.0 



26.5 



27.5 



26.0 



Snout length 



19.0 



19.1 



19.8 



19.8-20.4 



19.2-20.6 



** 



17.8 



17.1 



Body depth 



46.6 



46.9 



** 



** 



** 



** 



27.9 



29.3 



Greatest body depth 



57.0 



56.3 



53.0 



46.2-53.3 



41.1-48.3 



** 



32.9 



35.9 



Body width 



22.3 



22.5 



** 



** 



** 



#* 



14.9 



15.3 



Snout to D t origin 



43.6 



43.8 



42.0 



40.3-42.3 



35.2-38.9 



** 



29.7 



28.4 



Snout to D, origin 



65.9 



63.4 



** 



** 



** 



** 



54.5 



54.5 



Interdorsal space 



23.6 



20.6 



** 



** 



** 



** 



26.4 



27.6 



Snout to A origin 



75.7 



75.3 



73.0 



69.5-73.7 



66.3-68.1 



** 



61.0 



60.8 



D, base length 



29.5 



30.3 



28.8 



29.4-29.8 



27.9-30.2 



** 



27.0 



26.9 



A base length 



26.9 



27.5 



24.2 



24.3-24.7 



23.9-24.9 



** 



** 



22.3 



Gill opening length 



7.9 



9.4 



** 



** 



** 



6.0 



4.7 



4.8 



Eye diameter 



12.1 



11.8 



10.5 



8.4-8.8 



7.1-8.9 



4.9 



4.7 



4.6 



Caudal peduncle length* 



12.8 



13.1 



12.0 



12.6-14.1 



13.4-17.2 



** 



** 



22.8 



Caudal peduncle depth 



12.5 



12.8 



12.1 



10.9-12.7 



10.3-11.4 



9.5 



8.3 



8.3 



First dorsal spine length 



22.3 



21.8 



** 



** 



** 



** 



11.0 



** 



Longest D, ray length 



20.0 



21.3 



24.0 



20.2-24.8 



20.7-29.5 



** 



** 



22.5 



Longest A ray length 



18.7 



20.3 



20.4 



20.5-22.7 



22.0-25.4 



** 



** 



21.4 



Pectoral fin length 



15.4 



16.3 



** 



** 



** 



9.6 



10.1 



** 



Caudal fin length 



23.9 



23.1 



** 



** 



** 



20.4 



24.3 



** 



* - caudal peduncle length values given for the C. villosus types are the postdorsal distance values given by Fedoryako ( 1* 

 to base of caudal fin). ** - character not given in literature or not available because of specimen damage. 



i I ; measured from base of last second-dorsal ray base 



inner three plate-like teeth on each side of upper jaw. Gill opening 

 slightly oblique (sloping in posterodorsal direction), its length 7.9- 

 9.4% SL in juveniles, 4.7-4.8% SL in adults; no patch of modified 

 scales posterior to gill opening. Nostrils small, located just in front 

 of orbital rim between about 9 and 10 o'clock position from centre 

 of eye. A deep groove extending beneath nostrils from midanterior 

 edge of eye along upper third of snout. No longitudinal or diagonal 

 grooves on cheek. 



Scales of juveniles rhomboidal, not overlapping, with a large 

 spine projecting posterolaterally from scale centre and well-devel- 

 oped ridges that extend posteroventrally and posterodorsally from 

 base of central spine; ridges usually ending dorsally and ventrally 

 with a smaller spine; scale spines each with a fleshy outgrowth, these 

 small and unbranched on most scales, but large and highly branched 

 on at least some scales. Scales of adults rhomboidal, weakly over- 

 lapping, those on body with a spine-like ridge on centre, and about 

 25-60 small nodules arranged in a diamond-shaped patch immedi- 

 ately behind ridge. Lateral line not apparent. 



Origin of spinous dorsal fin about 1 (juveniles) to 2 (adults) eye 



diameters posterior to eye; first dorsal-fin spine of juveniles stout, its 

 length 21.8-22.3% SL, with two ridges on its lateral surfaces, these 

 converging near base and tip of fin spine and bearing large, irregular 

 spines; first dorsal-fin spine of adults stout, its length 1 1 .0% SL, 

 with nodules on its anterior surface, these small and arranged in 

 about 1 2 irregular rows proximally, becoming larger and arranged in 

 3 prominent rows distally; second spine of juveniles and adults 

 slender, without spinules or nodules, about half to two-thirds length 

 of first spine, acting as trigger to release the first spine when the latter 

 is locked in upright position; third spine of juveniles and adults 

 slender and short, about two-thirds length of second spine, without 

 spinules or nodules, and partly concealed by a deep groove into 

 which the spinous dorsal fin folds; origin of soft dorsal fin about one 

 eye diameter anterior to anal-fin origin in juveniles, and above anus 

 in adults; first soft dorsal-fin ray short, the longest ray in juveniles 

 the sixth or seventh, 20.0-21 .3% SL, and in adults the fourth, 22.5% 

 SL; first anal-fin ray short, the longest ray in juveniles the fifth or 

 sixth, 18.7-20.3% SL, and in adults the fourth, 21.4% SL; soft 

 dorsal and anal fins broadly rounded in juveniles, strongly pointed 



