48 



p.a. Mclaughlin and p.f. clark 



apart from all other known Paguristes species, they are not the 

 characters that drew our attention to the similarities between this 

 species and Lanchester's (1902) Diogenes desipiens. Paguristes 

 hians has uniramous unpaired male pleopods, a character com- 

 monly associated with species of Diogenes. Similarly, P. hians has 

 a subquadrate calcified lobe that is, at least positionally, similar to 

 the intercalary rostriform process that distinguishes most Diogenes 

 species from other Diogenidae. In the holotype of P. hians this 

 structure is armed with 4 marginal spinules. In the three small 

 specimens from the Maldive Islands, this process appears almost 

 identical to that of D. desipiens as shown by Lanchester (1902: fig. 

 1); in one specimen, it appears denticulate under high magnifica- 

 tion, as described for D. desipiens. Additionally, the distinctive 

 shape, armature, and setation of the ocular and antennal acicles of 

 P. hians are virtually identical to those described and illustrated by 

 Lanchester for D. desipiens. Lanchester's description of the shield 

 armature, as well as ocular peduncle length and its relationship to 

 the lengths of both the antennular and antennal peduncles agrees 

 extremely well with those of P. hians. Furthermore, Lanchester 

 described the chelipeds of his species as being subequal, the right 

 being slightly larger. We know of no Diogenes species in which the 

 chelipeds are subequal, but P. hians has subequal chelipeds, the 

 right of which is slightly larger in the holotype and male specimen 

 from the Maldive Islands. Lanchester's description of the armature 

 of the chelipeds also agrees quite closely with the type of P. hians 

 and the three smaller specimens that we examined. Similarly there 

 is agreement between the length ratios of the dactyls and propodi 

 of the ambulatory legs of the two species. However, disagreement 

 between Lanchester's description of D. desipiens and our observa- 

 tions of P. hians is found in the armature of these appendages. We 

 observed that the ventral margins of the dactyls of the holotype 

 have a row of slight protuberances; the Maldive Islands specimens 

 each have a row of corneous spinules on these margins. The dorsal 

 margins of the propodi and carpi of the second pereopods each 

 carries a row of spines, and the carpi of the third may have from 1 

 to 3 spines on the dorsal margins in our specimens. The dorsal 

 margins of the meri of both pairs of pereopods are armed with 

 spines; the ventral margins of the second pereopods also are 

 spinose. But all of the spines are at least partially obscured by tufts 

 of setae. Lanchester described the ambulatory legs as being 

 'densely hairy on their upper and lower margins, otherwise 

 smooth.' Whether Lanchester simply failed to notice spines 

 amongst the setal tufts on his specimen, or they were actually 

 lacking, is a matter of speculation. Given all of the other similari- 

 ties between the two taxa, we are inclined to presume the former. 

 Therefore, until specimens having all of the attributes accredited to 

 Lanchester's taxon are found in a species unquestionably referable 

 to Diogenes, we consider D. desipiens a junior subjective synonym 

 of Paguristes hians. 



Acknowledgements. We express our gratitude to Dr. Raymond 

 Symonds, University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge, for the loan of 

 Lanchester's 'Skeat' Expedition material and providing supplemental infor- 

 mation on the collection includmgDiogenes desipiens; Dr. Peter Ng, National 

 University of Singapore for search the Institute reference collections in an 

 unsuccessful attempt to locate the type of Diogenes desipiens: Dr. Peter 

 Hogarth, Biology Department, University ofYork for permitting us to use his 

 specimens of Paguristes hians from the Maldive Islands; Dr. Diana Jones, 

 Western Australian Museum for the loan of paratypes of Diogenes stenops; 

 Drs L.B. Holthuis and MichelTiirkay for information concerning the wherea- 

 bouts of the Holy Grail, i.e., Diogenes intermedius; and Drs F. Schram and 

 Dirk Platvoet, Instituut voorTaxonomische Zoologie (Zoologisch Museum), 

 Universiteit van Amsterdam, for the loan of De Man's Diogenes intermedius. 



The photographs are the work of the late E.J. McGeorge. The assistance of 

 George Holm, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada, and Janet Armbrust, 

 Mt. Vernon, Washington, in the identification of Lanchester's shells is ac- 

 knowledged. This is a scientific contribution from the Shannon Point Marine 

 Center, Western Washington University. 



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