DD, 
M.J. ORLOVA-BIENKOWSKAJA 

PP? 2PM 
Fig. 22  S. vetulus var. angustifrons (=S. vetulus), type series. A, parthenogenetic female, lectotype, B, variability of ventral head margin. 
DISTRIBUTION. (Fig. 32). U.S.A., Alabama (Herrick, 1883), Argen- 
tina (Sars, 1901 and our data), Brasil (Richard, 1897), Paraguay, 
Columbia (Olivier, 1960), Peru (our data). 
REMARKS. The original description of this curious species is short 
but provided with a good illustration (Herrick, 1883). Obviously, S. 
daphnoides is the senior synonym of S. iheringi. The latter name is 
used (Olivier, 1960) while the former name has been forgotten. S. 
iheringi was described from Brasil (Richard, 1897). There is no 
information about the types. The male was originally described by 
Sars (1901). 
S. fonsecai and S. fonsecai var. sinucristatus were described from 
Brasil. There is no information about the types. Harding (1955) 
supposes S. fonsecai to be a synonym of S. iheringi. The original 
description (Bergamin, 1939) supplied with the lateral view of both 
varieties and the view of the postabdomen of S. fonsecai shows that 
both names are junior synonyms of S$. daphnoides. 
S. (EXSPINOSUS) species group 
DIAGNOSIS. Both sexes (Figs 28-30). Frons rounded. Ventral head 
margin concave, straight or with small prominence. Rostrum short. 
Setules on inner side of posterior valve margin slender. Dorso- 
posterior valve angle without prominence or with small rounded 
prominence. One supra-anal angle. Basal pecten of postabdominal 
claw of 8—25 close-set spines of equal length. 
S. exspinosus (De Geer, 1778) 
Figs 28-30 
