PARACYCLOPS REVISION 



163 



segments VIII and IX-XI) of P. affinis have failed to separate in P. 

 yeatmani whereas segments 8 and 9 (ancestral segments XXI-XXIII 

 and XXIV) of P. yeatmani have failed to separate in P. affinis 

 (Karaytug & Boxshall, 1998). The 1 1-segmented states are, there- 

 fore, convergent. 



Daggget & Davis (1974) mentioned that there is a seta swollen at 

 its base on the first segment of the antennule of male P. yeatmani. It 

 would be remarkable should this seta be homologous with modified 

 seta (A) of theParacyclopsfimbriatus-group since modified seta (A) 

 is an important synapomorphy of that group which is only distantly 

 related to P. yeatmani. 



In the original description only one inner margin seta was re- 

 ported from the second endopodal segment of leg 1, but 2 setae were 

 observed in all material examined, including the paratypes. It is 

 likely that the presence of this seta was overlooked in the original 

 description 



DISTRIBUTION. Canada, Newfoundland, Highway 5 between Bay 

 Bulls and Witless Bay (Daggett & Davis, 1974; Daggett & Davis, 

 1975). U.S. A: Wisconsin, no locality specified (Torke, 1979). 



Paracyclops waiariki Lewis, 1974 



(Figures 43-48) 



Original description. Paracyclops waiariki Lewis, 1974: New 

 Zealand J. Freshwat. Res., 8 (2) : 275-281. 



TYPE LOCALITY. New Zealand. Details of the type locality were 

 given by Lewis (1974) as follows: The type specimens were netted 

 in shallow water (up to 50 cm depth) along the roadside edge of Lake 

 Rotowhero, beneath Rainbow Mountain, about 15 miles from 

 Rotorua, just beyond the junction of State Highways 30 and 38, Grid 

 reference: NZMS 1 Sheet N85; 835 8 17. The water temperature was 

 27°C. 



Type material. Not available. 



MATERIAL EXAMINED. Topotypic specimens including 3 adult 9 9 , 

 1 cop. IV 9 and 1 adult cfof P. waiariki were obtained on loan from 

 Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. 1 adult male and 

 female dissected. Registration number: MNZ Cr 1928. 



Redescription of adult female 



Body length, excluding caudal setae 672-938 urn (given by Lewis 

 (1974) as 700-800 urn), mean = 805. n = 2. Body width 229-240, 

 mean = 235, n = 2. Prosome as in Lewis (1974); Rounded appear- 

 ance of cephalothorax (Figure 43B) due to state of preservation. 

 Genital double-somite, second and third abdominal somites (Figure 

 44A,B) without ornamentation of pits on dorsal and ventral surfaces. 

 Posterior margins of abdominal somites more conspicuously ser- 

 rated ventrally than dorsally. Seminal receptacle divided into 

 butterfly-shaped anterior and posterior lobes as figured (Figure 

 44B). Anal somite with spinular row ventrally, extending dorsally 

 and with 2 small spinules on midsection of ventral surface (Figure 

 44B ). Anal operculum broad and smooth (Figure 44A). Caudal rami 

 (Figure 44A,B) parallel, about 4.2 times longer than broad: 

 ornamented with fine spinules along dorsal and ventral surfaces; 

 anterolateral seta (II) on dorsolateral surface with spinules at base; 

 posterolateral seta (III) unilaterally plumose, surrounded with 

 spinules along dorsal surface and with spinular row around base 

 ventrally, extending dorsally; terminal accessory seta (VI) plumose 

 and slightly longer than posterolateral seta; outer terminal seta (IV) 

 and inner terminal seta (V) well developed and heterogeneously 

 ornamented (Figure 43B,E). 



Antennule 12-segmented (Figure 43 A); segment 6 with spiniform 



seta (arrowed in Figure 43A); segment 9 with short aesthetasc 

 (arrowed in Figure 43A). Setal formula 8, 4, 2, 6, 4. 2, 2, 3, 2 + 

 aesthetasc, 2, 2 + aesthetasc, 7 + aesthetasc. Coxobasis of antenna 

 (Figure 43C.D) with complex ornamentation on caudal and frontal 

 surfaces as figured; with spinular row near 2 inner setae on caudal 

 surface (arrowed in Figure 43C); first endopodal segment with 

 transverse spinular row on caudal surface (arrowed in Figure 43C). 



Labrum (Figure 45D) narrowing posteriorly; posterior margin 

 with strong teeth; ventral surface ornamented with paired groups of 

 long spinules. Gnathobasic blades of mandible (Figure 45E) mostly 

 simple with 3 spinules laterally; palp represented by 3 setae, 2 of 

 which very long, third short and naked. Proximalmost spine of 

 maxillule (arrowed in Figure 45C) with spinules. Praecoxa of max- 

 illa (Figure 45 A) with complex spinular rows on dorsal surface; coxa 

 with group of spinules near base of proximal endite. Syncoxa of 

 maxilliped (Figure 45B ) without long spinules near base of endites; 

 basis armed with 2 spinulose setae ornamented with 6 long spinules 

 near base of endites; first endopodal segment with group of long 

 spinules. 



Legs 1 to 3 without mid-distal spinular row on posterior surface of 

 coxa. Basis of leg 1 (Figure 46A) with setiform spine on inner 

 margin reaching almost to end of terminal segment; intercoxal 

 sclerite without spinular row on posterior surface; seta next to 

 outermost spine of terminal exopodal segment semispinulose. 

 Intercoxal sclerite of leg 2 (Figure 46B) ornamented with spinular 

 rows on anterior and posterior surfaces. Intercoxal sclerite of leg 3 

 with spinular row on anterior surface (Figure 46E) and with 2 

 spinular rows on posterior surface (Figure 46F); first endopodal 

 segment with spinular row on posterior surface. 



Intercoxal sclerite of leg 4 (Figure 46D) without spinules on 

 anterior surface and with 2 irregular spinular rows on posterior 

 surface (Figure 46C); inner coxal spine with group of setules mainly 

 originating posteriorly; coxa with complex ornamentation on poste- 

 rior surface as figured (Figure 46C); basis with setules along inner 

 margin; first endopodal segment with spinular rows on anterior and 

 posterior surfaces (Figure 46D). 



Spine and seta formula as follows: 



Coxa 



Basis 



Exopod 



Endopod 



Legl 



0-1 



1-1 



I-1J-1 ;III,5 



0-l;0-2; 1,1,4 



Leg 2 



0-1 



1-0 



I-1;I-1;III,I.5 



0-1:0-2:1,1,4 



Leg 3 



0-1 



1-0 



I-I;I-1;II.I,5 



0-l;0-2; 1,1,4 



Leg 4 



0-1 



1-0 



I-0;I-1;II,I,5 



0-1:0-2; 1,11,2 



Leg 5 (Figure 44C) comprising single free segment, armed with 2 

 outer setae almost equal in length; strong inner spine shorter than 

 outer setae. Leg 6 (Figure 44A) represented by 1 plumose seta and 1 

 tiny dorsolateral spinule. 



Description of adult male 



Body length, excluding caudal setae = 568 um (given by Lewis 

 (1974) as 600-700 um), body width = 173 (Figure 47B). Urosomal 

 somites without surface ornamentation (Figure 47A,C); genital 

 somite broader than abdominal somites; caudal rami about 3.5 times 

 as long as broad (Figure 47C,D). 



Antennule digeniculate (Figure 48A-E), indistinctly 16-seg- 

 mented. Segment 1 armed with 8 setae plus aesthetasc (arrowed in 

 Figures 48C and E); seta A not modified. Segment 1 1 bearing small 

 curved seta ornamented with row of strong denticles, plus 1 plumose 

 seta (Figure 48B,C). Segmental fusion pattern as follows: I-V, VI- 

 VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, 

 XIX-XX, XXI-XXIII, XXIV-XXVIII. 



