170 



S. KARAYTUG AND G.A. BOXSHALL 



Outer setae of fifth leg plumose and about as long as inner spine 

 (Figures 47C,E; 45G); sixth leg (Figures 47C,E; 45F) armed with 1 

 inner spine (much shorter than second urosomal somite) and 2 outer 

 plumose setae. 



Differential diagnosis. P. waiariki can be differentiated from 

 other Paracyclops species by the combination of the following 

 characters; its 12-segmented antennule, the absence of an inner seta 

 on the first exopodal segment of leg 4, the structure of the seminal 

 receptacle, the produced base for the outer seta of leg 5 in the female, 

 the absence of the proximal spine on outer margin of terminal 

 exopodal segment of leg 3, the spinular ornamentation on the frontal 

 surface of coxobasis of the antenna, its wide anal operculum and the 

 ornamentation of the fine spinules along the dorsal and ventral 

 surfaces of caudal rami. 



P. waiariki, P. smileyi and P. eucyclopoides are closely related: 

 however, P. wairaiki differs from P. smileyi and P. eucyclopoides by 

 having 3 spines on the terminal segment of leg 3 rather than 4. In 

 addition, P. waiariki can also be separated from P. eucyclopoides by 

 the structure of seminal receptacle. P. waiariki also differs from P. 

 smileyi in the length of outer seta of leg 5, in having a produced base 

 for the outer seta of leg 5 and by the much shorter caudal rami. 



Remarks 



Kiefer (1969) originally described Paracyclops timmsi from Aus- 

 tralia. This species resembles P. waiariki in most respects, including 

 the structure of leg 5, the number of segments on the female 

 antennule and in spine and seta formula of swimming legs. As far as 

 Kiefer's description is concerned, the differences between the spe- 

 cies are the structure of the seminal receptacle and the body shape. 

 Lewis (1974) does not mention P. timmsi in her original description 

 of P. waiariki which suggests that she was unaware of Kiefer's work 

 on P. timmsi. It is possible that P. waiariki may be a synonym of P. 

 timmsi but P. timmsi needs to be redescribed to modern standards as 

 it is clear that minor details of spinulation can represent significant 

 differences at species level. 



Distribution. Only known from its type locality in New Zealand. 



Paracyclops pilosus Dussart, 1984 



(Figures 49-50) 



Original description. Paracyclops pilosus Dussart, 1984: 

 Hydrobiologia, 113: p. 56., fig. 15. 



TYPE LOCALITY. Venezuela, Orinoco River. 



Material examined. This species was originally described from 

 single male and female. Holotype (dissected on 1 slide, MNHN Cp 

 659) and Allotype (dissected between prosome and urosome on 1 

 slide, MNHN Cp 669) were obtained on loan from Museum Na- 

 tional d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris. Due to the positioning of the 

 female appendages on the slide and to the earlier partial dissection of 

 the male it was not possible to describe every detail of this species 

 but several characters could be clarified. 



Redescription of adult female 



Genital double-somite, second and third abdominal somites (Figure 

 49B) ornamented with fine pits on ventral surface (the dorsal surface 

 could not be observed). Seminal receptacle divided into broad 

 anterior and posterior lobes. Caudal rami given as 2.9 times longer 

 than wide in original description (Dussart, 1984). Terminal acces- 

 sory seta (VI) as long as posterolateral seta (III); posterolateral seta 

 (III) unilaterally plumose, with spinules along dorsal surface; outer 

 terminal seta (IV) and inner terminal seta (V) well developed and 

 heterogeneously ornamented (Figure 49B). 



Antennule 8-segmented (Figure 49D); first and second segments 

 incompletely separated; third segment with two partial suture lines 

 on dorsal surface and with spiniform seta; fifth segment with charac- 

 teristic short aesthetasc; another aesthetasc located distally on 

 anteroventral margin on segment 7 about 2.5 times longer than 

 terminal segment. Setal formula 8, 12, 6, 5, 2 + aesthetasc, 2, 2 + 

 aesthetasc, 7 + aesthetasc. Spinular ornamentation on coxobasis of 

 antenna impossible to observe. 



Spine and seta formula of swimming legs as follows: 



Coxa 



Basis 



Exopod 



Endopod 



Legl 



0-1 



1-1 



1-1:1-1 ;III.5 



0-1:0-2:1.1.4 



Leg 2 



0-1 



1-0 



I-1;I-1;III,I,5 



0-1:0-2:1.1,4 



Leg 3 



0-1 



1-0 



I-1;I-1;III,I,5 



0-1:0-2:1.1,3 



Leg 4 



0-1 



1-0 



I-1;I-1;II,I,4 



0-1 ;0-2; 1,11,2 



Leg 5 (Figure 49C) comprising single free segment, armed with 1 

 long (almost 1 .5 times longer than inner spine) well developed outer 

 spinulose seta, 1 serrate strong inner spine, plumose seta in centre 

 slightly longer than inner spine. 



Description of adult male 



Genital and 3 free abdominal somites (Figure 49A) without surface 

 pits on ventral surface. Caudal rami short, about 2.5 times longer 

 than broad. First segment of antennule with modified seta. Outer 

 seta of fifth leg plumose, as long as inner spine (Figure 49A); sixth 

 leg (Figure 49A) armed with 1 well-developed inner spine, slightly 

 longer than second urosomal somite. 



Differential DIAGNOSIS. P. pilosus is easily distinguishable by 

 the incomplete separation of the first and second segments of the 

 female antennule (Figure 49D), by the presence of 3 setae on the 

 terminal endopodal segment of leg 3 (Figure 50C), by the presence 

 of 4 setae on the terminal exopodal segment of leg 4 (Figure 50D). 

 It can also be separated from closely related species by the combina- 

 tion of the presence of 2 setae on the second endopodal segment of 

 leg 1 (Figure 50A), and the presence of cuticular depressions on the 

 ventral surface of the caudal rami. 



Remarks 



The presence of four inner setae on the terminal exopodal segment 

 of leg 4, and of three inner setae on the terminal endopodal segment 

 of leg 3 is remarkable. 



Distribution. Venezuela: Orinoco River (type locality) (Dussart, 

 1984). Dussart (1984) also mentioned that this species was found in 

 the littoral zone of flowing waters of the Orinoco at Barrancas at 

 Ciudad Bolivar. 



Paracyclops carectum Reid, 1987 



(Figures 51-53) 



ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION. Paracyclops carectum Reid, 1987: 

 Hydrobiologia, 153, p. 124. (Figs. 1-12). 



TYPE LOCALITY. Vereda Grande Pond, Aguas Emendadas Bio- 

 logical Reserve, Federal District, Brazil. 



Material examined. 4 Paratype 9 9 (USNM Cat. No: 232176) 

 from Brazil, shore ofVereda Grande pond 1 5 °32'30"S; 047 °34'57" W: 

 collected by Dr. J. W. Reid (May 1982-1986), 19 dissected; 1 

 Paratype cf (USNM Cat. No: 232175) from wet campo marsh, 

 Fazenda Agua Limpa, Distrito Federal, Brazil; collected by Dr. J. W. 

 Reid (Apr 1982). 2cf cf (USNM 242425) from Brazil; Goias; marsh 

 of Corrego Pocoes; collected by Dr. J. W. Reid (December 1983), 



