200 



S. KARAYTUG AND G.A. BOXSHALL 



n = 5; body width 274-291, mean = 279, n = 5. Genital, third, fourth 

 and fifth urosomal somites ornamented with cuticular pits on dorsal 

 surfaces (Figure 73B,C). First segment of antennule armed with 8 

 setae plus an aesthetasc; 1 seta (A) large and modified by ornamen- 

 tation of strong spinules in proximal and mid sections, tapering to 

 fine point distally. 



Spinular ornamentation of the coxobasis of the antenna as in the 

 female. Outer seta of fifth leg plumose and less well developed than 

 in female (Figure 73A). Sixth leg (Figure 73D) armed with 1 inner 

 spine, shorter than second urosomal somite, and 2 outer plumose 

 setae; middle seta ornamented with long setules. 



Variation, female. The extent of the partial suture line on the 

 fourth segment of the antennule varies (Figure 71A.B); it may be 

 shorter than in the figured specimens. The dorsal hyaline frill on the 

 posterior margin of the third urosomal somite may be more or less 

 well developed (cf. Figure 70A and Figure 70D). 



Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from the 

 Latin punctum meaning point. It refers to the ornamentation of 

 cuticular pits on the surface of the urosomal somites. 



Differential diagnosis. The new species differs from other 

 Paracyclops species by the combination of the following characters: 

 the presence of conspicuous surface pits on the dorsal (Figure 70A) 

 and ventral (Figure 70B) surfaces of the genital double-somite, and 

 the second and third abdominal somites of the female, the structure 

 of leg 5, the absence of a mid-distal spinular rows on the posterior 

 surfaces of leg 1 (arrowed in Figure 72F), leg 2 (arrowed in Figure 

 72E) and leg 3 (arrowed in Figure 72D), the presence of integumental 

 pits on the ventral surface of the caudal rami (Figure 70B), the 

 subdivision of the fourth segment of the female antennule (Figure 

 7 1 A,B), and the absence of a spinular row on the caudal surface of 

 the antennal coxobasis near the base of the two inner setae in both 

 sexes (arrowed in Figure 7 ID). 



Remarks 



P. punctatus is closely related to the other new Brazilian species, 

 P. rochai and P. bromeliacola. They share the absence of a mid- 

 distal spinular row from the posterior surface of the coxa of leg 2 

 and leg 3, and they all lack the spinular row near the base of the 

 two inner setae on the coxobasis of the antenna in both sexes 

 (arrowed in Figure 7 ID). However P. punctatus differs from P. 

 rochai and P. bromeliacola in the presence of conspicuous surface 

 pits on the dorsal (Figure 70A) surface of the genital double- 

 somite, and the second and third abdominal somites of the female, 

 in the structure of the seminal receptacle (Figure 70A), in the 

 subdivision of the fourth segment of the female antennule (Figure 

 71A.B) and in the weakly developed outer seta of leg 5 of the 

 female (Figure 70C). 



Paracyclops rochai sp. nov. 



(Figures 74-76) 



TYPE LOCALITY. Brazil, State of Sergipe, Itabaina Mountains, at 

 gruta, near to Areia Branca, 6/11/1993, Carlos E. F. da Rocha 

 collection. 



Type material. Holotype: (Museu de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, Bra- 

 zil. MZUSP 12794) female dissected on 4 slides. Paratypes: 8 9 9, 

 and 8cfcT (BMNH 1997. 1840-1870). 79 9, 7cfcfin Museu de 

 Zoologia, Sao Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 12795). 



Description of adult female 



Body length (urn) not including caudal setae, 506-674, mean = 596, 



n = 10; body width 204-247, mean = 227, n = 10. Urosomal somites 



(Figure 74A.B) without surface pits on dorsal and ventral surfaces. 

 Seminal receptacle as figured (Figure 74B). Caudal rami (Figure 

 74A.B) parallel and about 2.7 times longer than broad; terminal 

 accessory seta (VI) plumose and about as long as posterolateral seta 

 (III); outer terminal seta (IV) and inner terminal seta (V) well 

 developed and heterogeneously ornamented (Figure 74B). 



Antennule 8-segmented (Figure 75A); segment 3 with two partial 

 suture lines and spiniform seta, setal formula 8, 12, 6, 5, 2 + 

 aesthetasc, 2, 2 + aesthetasc, 7 + aesthetasc. 



Coxobasis of antenna with complex ornamentation on caudal 

 (Figure 75B) and frontal (Figure 75C) surfaces as figured and 

 without spinular row near base of two inner spinulose setae (arrowed 

 in Figure 75B). 



Coxa of leg 1 without mid-distal spinular row on posterior sur- 

 face. Intercoxal sclerite of leg 4 with 2 spinular rows on posterior 

 surface (Figure 75G). 



Spine and seta formula as follows: 



Coxa 



Basis 



Exopod 



Endopod 



Leg 1 



0-1 



1-1 



I-1;I-1;III,5 



0-1:0-1:1,1,4 



Leg 2 



0-1 



1-0 



1-1:1-1 ;IIU,5 



0-1:0-2:1,1,4 



Leg 3 



0-1 



1-0 



1-1:1-1:111,1,5 



0-1:0-2:1,1,4 



Leg 4 



0-1 



1-0 



1-1:1-1:11,1,5 



0-1:0-2:1,11,2 



Leg 5 (Figure 74C) comprising single free segment, armed with 1 

 long (almost twice as long as inner spine), well developed outer 

 spinulose seta, 1 strong inner spine with 3 spinules at base. Other 

 appendages as in P. bromeliacola. 



Description of adult male 



Body length (pm) not including caudal setae, 459-560, mean = 5 19, 

 n = 10; body width 185-205, mean = 196. n = 10. Urosomal somites 

 without surface pits on dorsal (Figure 76B) and ventral (Figure 76B) 

 surfaces, except that some fine pits visible on genital somite on 

 dorsal surface. First segment of male antennule armed with 8 setae 

 plus an aesthetasc; 1 seta (A) large and modified by ornamentation 

 of strong spinules in proximal and mid sections. 



Spinular rows on posterior surface of intercoxal sclerite of leg 4 

 well developed (Figure 75F). Outer seta of leg 5 plumose and about 

 as long as inner spine (Figure 76C). Sixth leg (Figure 76C) armed 

 with 1 inner spine, half as long as second urosomal somite. 



Variability, female. The length of the terminal endopodal seg- 

 ment of leg 4 varied as indicated in Figure 75D.E. One female 

 showed complete subdivision of the third segment of the antennule 

 (Figure 75A). 



ETYMOLOGY. The species is named after Prof. Carlos Eduardo 

 Falavigna da Rocha (University of Sao Paulo), the collector of this 

 material, in recognition of his many contributions to the study of 

 cyclopoid copepods. 



Differential diagnosis. P. rochai can be differentiated from 

 other Paracyclops species by the combination of the following 

 characters: the structure of leg 5 in the female (Figure 74C), the 

 absence of surface pits on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the 

 urosomal somites in the female (Figure 74A,B), and the absence of 

 a spinular row near the base of the two inner spinulose setae in both 

 sexes (arrowed in Figure 75B). 



Remarks 



P. rochai is closely related to P. chiltoni and P punctatus. However, 

 it differs from P. chiltoni in the absence of a spinular row near the 

 base of the two inner spinulose setae in the male (arrowed in Figure 



