CALIFORNIA. 131 



the bed, where he lay asleep, and so close to it that they set fire to his 

 blankets. Graham was wounded in several places, and badly burnt. 



On being thus awakened, he attempted to defend himself, but was 

 overpowered by numbers, inhumanly beaten, and then tied hand and 

 foot. A working-man, who attended the cattle with him, by the 

 name of Shard, also an American, was held down by two men, while 

 a third deliberately cut the tendons of his legs with a butcher's knife, 

 and left him to die. Graham was then tied upon a horse, and carried 

 to Monterey, where he was loaded with irons, and placed in a filthy 

 cell; — torn from the property he had accumulated, amounting to four 

 or five thousand dollars in specie, and about ten thousand dollars in 

 cattle, which he had reared and bought, through his own industry : 

 this, it is supposed, fell into the hands of the governor, who was much 

 in want of funds at the time, and could conceive of no way by which 

 his coffers could be so readily replenished as by such a wholesale 

 robbery. 



After the arrest of Graham, more than sixty foreigners were taken 

 up immediately, put into irons, and cast into prison with him. At the 

 same time, orders were issued to apprehend every foreigner found 

 upon the coast, and in case of their not giving bonds for their appear- 

 ance, they were to be thrust into prison. 



Forty-seven of these men were embarked in a vessel called the 

 Guipuzcoa, loaded with irons, nearly half of whom are said to have 

 been citizens of the United States. One of these died from the 

 treatment he received ; and the hardships they were obliged to 

 undergo on their journey to Tepic, are almost past belief. 



The Guipuzcoa was eleven days on her passage to San Bias, 

 during which time the prisoners were kept in the hold of this small 

 vessel, without light or air, and endured every description of ill 

 treatment. On their arrival at San Bias, they were landed without 

 delay, and immediately marched, in the short space of two days, to 

 Tepic, a distance of sixty miles. 



The thermometer was at 90°; the road was mountainous and 

 rough ; they were barefooted, heavily ironed, and without any food, 

 except what was given them from charity. They were urged forward 

 by lashes inflicted on their naked bodies, and one who sank under 

 the fatigue was severely beaten with the but-end of a musket. 



At Tepic, they found in the English and American consuls kind 

 friends, who exerted themselves to relieve their wants, and finally, 

 through their remonstrances, and those of the English and American 



vol. v. 46 



