MANILLA. 



311 



probable, from a comparison of tbe present population with the esti- 

 mate made at the beginning of the present century, which shows a 

 growth in the forty years of about one million four hundred thousand. 



NATIVE OF LUZON. 



The native population is composed of a number of distinct tribes, 

 the principal of which in Luzon are Pangarihan, Ylocos, Cagayan, 

 Tagala, and Pampangan. 



The Irogotes, who dwell in the mountains, are the only natives 

 who have not been subjected by the Spaniards. The other tribes 

 have become identified with their rulers in religion, and it is thought 

 that by this circumstance alone has Spain been able to maintain the 

 ascendency with so small a number, over such a numerous, intelli- 

 gent, and energetic race as they are represented to be. This is, 

 however, more easily accounted for, from the Spaniards fostering and 

 keeping alive the jealousy and hatred that existed at the time of the 

 discovery between the different tribes. 



It seems almost incredible that Spain should have so long persisted 

 in the policy of allowing no more than one galleon to pass annually 

 between her colonies, and equally so that the nations of Europe 

 should have been so long deceived in regard to the riches and wealth 

 that Spain was monopolizing in the Philippines. The capture of 

 Manilla, in 1762, by the English, first gave a clear idea of the value 

 of this remote and little-known appendage of the empire. 



The Philippines, considered in their capacity for commerce, are 

 certainly among the most favoured portions of the globe, and there is 



