bote] 



€l)t Creatfurg of SSotattg. 



160 



little vesicular strata on the sides of ponds, 

 but not very commonly. [M. J. BJ 



BOTRTOGRAMMA. A synonyme of 

 Llavea. 



BOTRYOPSIS. A genus of Menisperma- 

 cece, briefly described by Mr. Miers, in the 

 Annals of Natural History. The male 

 flowers have six petals ; the female flowers 

 six ovaries, with an embryo without albu- 

 men, and curved so as to resemble a horse- 

 shoe ; cotyledons large, thick, curved ; 

 radicle superior. The plants are natives of 

 the Organ mountains of Brazil. [M. T.M.] 



BOTRYOPTERIS. A synonyme of Hel- 

 minthostachys. 



BOTRYOSICTOS. A name apparently 

 implying a resemblance in the plant to 

 which it is applied, to a grape vine and a 

 gourd. The genus belongs to the natural 

 order Passifloracece. The flowers are dioe- 

 cious. The male flowers are very small, in 

 clusters concealed by an involucre ; the 

 perianth is bell-shaped, six-cleft, in two 

 rows, the three outer hairy, shorter than 

 the inner, which are petal-like. Within 

 this are three scales adherent at the base 

 to the inner divisions, and similar to them, 

 but shorter and divided into two teeth or 

 lobes at the apex. Stamens three, inserted 

 near the throat of the perianth ; filaments 

 short, bearing the anthers, which are two- 

 celled, introrse ; ovary abortive; stiarma 

 three-toothed. The female flowers and fruit 

 are not known. The plant is a climber, 

 and a native of Abyssinia. [M. T. M.] 



BOTRYOTHALLUS. A name applied to 

 one or two acrostichaceous ferns in- 

 cluded in Polybotrya and Soromanes. 



BOTRYPDS. A synonyme of Botry- 

 chium. 



BOTRYS. The term applied in Greek 

 compounds to the raceme. A bunch. 



BOTRYS. (Fr.) Chenopodium Botrys. 



BOTRYTIS. A genus of filamentous 

 moulds first proposed by Micheli, but now 

 so divided that the original genus is almost 

 swamped. Amongst those best known is 

 the parasite which plays so important a 

 part in the virulous potato murrain un- 

 der the name of B. infestans; as, however, 

 there are strong reasons for separating 

 this and a host of allied plants, we must 

 refer for their consideration to the article 

 Peronospora. The disease in silkworms 

 called muscardine is produced by a mould 

 called B. Bassiana, but this also in all 

 probability will ere long find its place in 

 some other genus, perhaps in Botryospo- 

 ritnn, A few of the spores rubbed upon 

 the skin of the caterpillar, or inserted 

 carefully with a lancet, are sufficient to 

 inoculate the animal. The spores soon 

 germinate.and their threads prey upon the 

 fatty tissue, till the caterpillar becomes 

 mummified and resembles certain pastilles, 

 from whence the name of the disease has 

 been borrowed. In the silkworm houses 



the malady most commonly commences in 

 the large intestine, as if from the germina- 

 tion of swallowed spores. The prevention 

 of the disease consists in the most perfect 

 cleanliness, and every precaution which 

 may destroy the spores or prevent their 

 access. [M. J. B.] 



BOTULIPORM. Sausage-shaped. 



BOUCAGB. (Pr.) Pimpinella; also 

 GSnanthe pimpinelloides. 



BOUCHEA. A genus of Verbenacece, 

 containing fourteen species of herbs or 

 undershrubs, natives of America, Africa, 

 and Asia. They have sub-sessile flowers in 

 a spicate raceme, which is either terminal 

 or in the forking of two branches. The 

 calyx is elongate tubular, with five ribs 

 produced into small teeth, and five alter- 

 nate furrows, and truncate between the 

 teeth. The corolla is funnel-shaped. The 

 four included didynamous stamens are 

 inserted in the throat of the corolla. The 

 ovary is two-celled, with a single anatropal 

 ovule in each cell ; the style is as long as 

 the stamens. The capsule is surrounded 

 by the persistent calyx; it is dicoccous 

 and has numerous seeds. [W. C] 



BOUGAINVILLAEA. A genus of the 

 natural order Nyctaginacece, characterised 

 by the flowers being almost concealed by 

 large membranous or leafy bracts, which 

 grow in triplets, and form magnificent 

 masses of paniculate inflorescence. The 

 perianth is tubular with a short limb ; the 

 stamens are seven or eight in number ; 

 the style lateral ; the stigma thickened. 

 B. spectabilis is a climbing shrub or small 

 tree, with alternate leaves and small 

 spines; the bracts are large and of rich 

 rose colour ; hence the pendent inflores- 

 cence is singularly handsome. The colour 

 of the bracts varies. The plant is a native 

 of tropical South America. [M. T. MJ 



At least two other species of this gor- 

 geous genus are grown in our gardens, B. 

 speciosa, which has hairy leaves and stems, 

 the latter furnished with strong short 

 recurved thorns, and dense panicles of 

 large soft rosy-tinted bracts ; and B. 

 glabra, which is of more slender habit, 

 with smaller leaves, both these and the 

 stems being nearly smooth, and bearing its 

 showy bracts, which are of a lighter rose 

 and rather smaller than in B. speciosa, in 

 more open panicles. [T. M.] 



BOUGUERIA. A genus of Plantaginacecc, 

 containing a single species, a native of 

 Peru. It is a small perennial fleshy- 

 rooted herb, growing in tufts, and having 

 white linear leaves, and axillary peduncles, 

 bearing compact heads, which blacken in 

 drying. The flowers are polygamous, both 

 sexes occurring on the same head. This 

 genus occupies a position between Plantago 

 and Littorella. [W. C] 



BOUTLLARD. (Fr.) Betula alba. 



BOUILLON-BLANC; (Fr.) Verbascum 

 thapsiforme. 



