195 



Cf)e GTreaSurj) ai 2Sotang. 



[call 



trees, most frequently met with on river 

 banks. The leaves of all are bipinnate, the 

 leaflets varying much in size and number. 

 In one section the leaves have one to four 

 pairs of pinnae, with few but large leaflets 

 (one to eight inches long), the ultimate 

 ones always the largest ; while in another 

 there are many pairs of pinnae, the leaflets 

 scarcely half an inch long, linear in form 

 and almost numberless. The flowers are 

 usually borne on stalked globose heads, 

 I but sometimes in terminal racemes ; the 

 corollas small and hidden by the very 

 numerous long filaments of the stamens, 

 which are almost always of a beautiful red 

 colour. From this latter circumstance 

 the genus is named Calliandra, signifying 

 'beautiful stamened.' It differs from all 

 allied genera in the valves of its com- 

 pressed pod rolling backwards in a remark- 

 able manner from apex to base when the 

 seeds are ripe. Many of the species are in 

 cultivation in plant-stoves, and almost all 

 of them produce bright red balls of 

 flowers, which stand erect from amongst 

 the ferny foliage of some of the species in 

 great profusion. In C. diademata the 

 stamens are beautifully curved backwards 

 and pink in colour ; the leaves twice pin- 

 nate with eight or nine pinnae which have 

 each from thirty to forty leaflets, so that 



Calliandra Tweedii. 



each leaf is made up of no fewer than six 

 or eight hundred leaflets. This is a native 

 of Brazil, and in cultivation. C. hcema- j 

 tocephala, a lately introduced species, has 

 binate leaves, each portion or pinna with I 

 about ten pairs of leaflets half an inch 

 long, and its round balls of flowers are of 

 a rich red colour. The Peruvian women 

 decorate their hair with the flowers of 

 C. trinervia, calling them seda-sisa or silk 

 flower. More than sixty species are enu- 

 merated, all of them more or less orna- 

 mental. [A. A. B.] ' 



CALLICARPA. A considerable genus 

 of Yerbenacece, chiefly from the tropical 

 and subtropical districts of Asia, but found 

 also, though more sparingly, in similar 

 districts in Africa and America. They are 

 shrubs, more or less woolly with stellate 

 hairs, nearly glabrous, and often with 

 numerous resinous glandular dots, especi- 

 ally on the under surface of the leaves. 

 The flowers are small in axillary cymes. 

 The calyx is truncate or four-toothed ; the 

 corolla tube is short, and the limb has four 

 nearly regular lobes. There are four ex- 

 serted stamens, a four-celled ovary, with a 

 single ovule in each cell; and the fruit is I 

 a small juicy berry or drupe, with four 

 distinct seed-like nuts or kernels. [W. C] 



CALLICOMA. A genus of Cunoniacece, 

 containing small trees or shrubs from 

 South Australia, with opposite simple lan- 

 ceolate leaves, white beneath, furnished 

 with elliptical membranous caducous sti- 

 pules. The peduncles are long, axillary, 

 with a dense globular head of small yellow 

 flowers, which are sessile on a woolly 

 receptacle, and surrounded by a four- 

 leaved reflesed involucre. Flowers with 

 four or six membranous bracts forming an 

 involucel ; calyx-tube very short, scarcely 

 adhering to the ovary at the base ; the 

 limb four or five parted, persistent ; corolla 

 absent ; stamens eight or ten ; ovary 

 woolly, two-celled, many-ovuled, the styles 

 two, diverging. [J. T. S.] 



CALLIGLOSSA. C.Bouglasii is a pretty 

 little yellow-flowered Californian annual 

 of the composite family, with few strap- 

 shaped leaves, toothed at the apex, about 

 half an inch long and very narrow. The 

 yellow flower-heads are single at the ends 

 of the branchlets. Being a very free flow- 

 erer, it is often used as a bedding plant 

 in flower gardens, and, like many of our 

 best annuals, was introduced by Mr. Doug- 

 las. The genus does not differ from Calli- 

 chroa, and the plant is therefore generally 

 called Callichroa Douglasii. [A. A. B.] 



CALLIGOXUM. A genus of shrubs be- 

 longing to Polygonacece, natives of the 

 Eastern Mediterranean region, and Cen- 

 tral Asia. They are leafless plants with di- 

 chotomous jointed branches, each joint 

 with a small membranous sheath at the 

 base. Flowers small, on short-jointed pedi- 

 cels springing from the axils of the 

 sheaths; perianth coloured red, five- 

 parted, Teflexed in fruit, the two outer 

 segments larger. The fruit is a large 

 four-cornered nut with the corners ex- 

 panded into double longitudinal spinous 

 wings, the sides between the wings being 

 covered with long branched shapgy fila- 

 ments. [J.T. S.] 



CALLILEPIS. A small genus of SE. 

 African plants belonging to the composite 

 family. They are herbs, about a foot high, 

 branching from the base, or simple, with 

 lanceolate en tire or slightly serrated leaves, 

 which are opposite on the lower part of 

 the stem, and alternate above. The flower- 

 heads single and terminal, nearly an inch 



