CALC-] 



QLf)C Ersatfurg al ^Sotang. 



200 



than the outer, and bearded on the inside ; 

 the flowers, therefore, appear to consist of 

 three large spreading petals, and three 

 narrow sepals. There are six stamens 

 adherent to the base of the perianth, and 

 a three-celled ovary crowned by three 

 subsessile stigmas. The few known spe- 

 cies, which are found in Mexico, California, 

 and XW. America, are all plants of gorgeous 

 beauty, but found to be exceedingly diffi- 

 cult of cultivation. C. venustus is one 

 of the handsomest; it grows about two 

 feet high, and produces large flowers, 

 upwards of three inches across, with 

 narrow green sepals, and broad roundish 

 wedge-shaped petals which form a cup, and 

 are white above, yellowish towards the 

 base, each of them marked with a wedge- 

 shaped deep crimson stain, terminating in a 

 yellow spot, and above this, in the same line, 

 with a deep red spot bordered with yellow, 

 and a spot of lighter red. C. macrocarpus 

 isanothervery fine species, growing nearly 

 two feet high ; this has three narrowish 

 sepals very much longer than the petals, 

 which are broad cuneately-obovate, form- 

 ing a cup, and of a rich rosy-purple, paler 

 towards the base, and beautifully bearded 

 with yellow hairs. [T. M.] 



CALODENDRON. A genus of Eutacece, 

 so named from the beauty of the flowers 

 and foliage. The flowers are regular, con- 

 sisting of a five-parted calyx, five narrow 

 spreading petals, hairy on the outside, five 

 fertile stamens, alternating with and 

 shorter than five petal-like sterile ones, 

 which are tipped with a gland and placed 

 on the outside of a shallow tubular disc ; 

 style long; fruit a stalked capsule with 

 five angles, and five two-seeded cavities 

 opening by as many valves. C. capense is a 

 very ornamental tree, native of the Cape of 

 Good Hope. [M. T. M.] 



CALODRACOJT. A genus of liliaceous 

 plants, which includes several species for- 

 merly referred to Dracaena and Cordyline. 

 The species are natives of the Malayan 

 and Australasian Islands and of China 

 and Japan, and are handsome shrubs with 

 slender cylindrical stems, crowded with 

 leaves at top, the leaves lanceolate ob- 

 long, smooth, often beautifully coloured, 

 and having channelled stalks. The flowers 

 grow in large terminal panicles, and are 

 white or rosy violet. The perianth is de- 

 ciduous, tubulosely campanulate, six-cleft, 

 with the segments somewhat unequal and 

 imbricating ; stamens six, with subulate 

 filaments ; style subulate with a trifid 

 stigma. This genus, of which Draccena 

 ferret is the type, agrees with Cordylinem 

 having a tubular-cam panulate perianth, and 

 with Draccenopsis in having numerous 

 ovules in each eel} of the ovary. C. 

 Jacquinii, the D.ferrea above referred to, 

 is well known under the latter name, and 

 that of D. terminalis, in the hothouses of 

 this country, where it is prized for its 

 highly-coloured red leaves, which render 

 it aray at all seasons. C. nobilis is another 

 species with the leaves richly variegated 



with red ; and in C. Sieboldii they are deep 

 green with paler blotches. The flowers 

 being small, it is for their foliage and 

 erect palm-like habit alone, that these 

 plants are prized by cultivators. The 

 same name has been given to a section of 

 the genus Dracocephalum. [T. M.] 



CALODRYUM. A genus of Meliacece 

 inhabiting the islands of Madagascar, 

 Mauritius, and Bourbon. The calyx is five- 

 cleft ; the petals five, more or less adherent ; 

 anthers projecting from the tube formed 

 by the united filaments of the stamens ; 

 style thread-shaped ; ovary five-celled with 

 pendulous ovules. [M. T. M.] 



CALOGYNE. A name expressive of the 

 peculiarity and beauty of the stigma in the 

 genus of Goodeniacece, to which it is 

 applied. The genus consists of herbaceous 

 plants with irregular flowers, and a style 

 with three branches, each branch termi- 

 nated by a kind of cup. The fruit is a 

 two-celled capsule with several seeds. The 

 plants are natives of the coast of tropical 

 Australia, and one has lately been dis- 

 covered in the neighbourhood of Amoy, 

 in China. The flowers of this latter species 

 are said by Bentham to have an odour like 

 that of hay. [M. T. MJ 



CALONYCTION. A genus of Convolvu- 

 lacece, containing fifteen species, natives 

 of the intertropical regions of Asia and 

 America. They are twining herbaceous 

 plants with alternate cordate leaves and 

 very large showy flowers on axillary one 

 to three-flowered peduncles. The calyx 

 consists of five sepals; the corolla is 

 funnel-shaped with along tube, and large 

 spreading limb. There are five exserted 

 stamens, with filaments dilated at the 

 base. The ovary is two-celled with two 

 ovules in each cell ; sometimes the rudi- 

 ment of a secondary dissepiment makes it 

 incompletely four-celled. The four-valved 

 capsule contains four seeds. [W. C] 



CALOOSE. The Sumatran name for 

 Urtica tenacissima and Bvhmeria nivea, or 

 their fibre. 



CALOPAPPTJS. The name applied to 

 a Chilian genus of plants found on the 

 Cordillera, and belonging to that section 

 of the composite family with two-lipped 

 corollas. They are low heath-like bushes 

 with needle-shaped leaves set thickly on 

 the steins, and single terminal flower-heads 

 which are stalked or sessile, containing 

 five florets, each having a pappus of 

 about fifteen long needle-pointed awns. 

 Two species are known. [A. A. B.] 



CALOPHACA. A deciduous shrub al- 

 lied to Cytisus, from which it may be 

 distinguished by its not having all the 

 stamens united into a tube, and by its 

 pinnate leaves. It is a native of desert 

 places near the rivers Don and Volga 

 (hence its specific name volgarica). Being 

 hardy and very pretty it is a desirable 

 plant to have in gardens and shrubberies; 

 but is less known than it ought to be in 

 consequence of its being difficult of pro- 



