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226 



CARPADELIUM. An inferior indehis- 

 cent two or more celled fruit with solitary 

 seeds, and carpels which, when ripe, 

 separate from a common axis, as in 

 umbellifers. 



CARPANTHUS. Asynonymeof Azolla. 



CARPEL (adj. CARPELLARIS). One 

 of the rolled-up leaves of which the pistil 

 is composed, whether they are .combined 

 or distinct. 



CARPENTERIA. The name of a Cali- 

 fcrnian shrub belonging to the order Phil- 

 adelphacece, and having cymes of large 

 white flowers, with a five or six-parted 

 calyx ; five to six petals ; numerous thread- 

 shaped stamens ; and five to seven styles 

 consolidated into one, and terminated by 

 five to seven linear stigmas ; capsules 

 attached by their base to the calyx, five 

 to seven celled, many-seeded. [M. T. M.] 



CARPESIUM. A genus of the compo- 

 site family, remarkable for its distribution 

 only, two of the species being found in 

 South Europe and the Caucasus, and ap- 

 pearing again in the Himalayan Mountains, 

 where the greater portion of the species 

 are found. They are smooth or pubescent 

 erect branching herbs, with ovate or lan- 

 ceolate toothed leaves. In one section of 

 the genus the flower-heads are small and 

 either solitary or two or three together, in 

 the axils of the leaves, while in the other 

 section they are much larger, single at the 

 ends of the branches, and the outer scales of 

 the involucre are leaf-like and reflexed. 

 The florets in all are dull yellow, tubular, 

 the central ones having both stamens and 

 pistil, and those of the circumference, 

 pistil only. The aclieues are beaked, have 

 slender furrows, and are destitute of 

 pappus. [A. A. B.] 



CARPET-WEED. A common name for 

 Mollugo. 



CARPOCERAS. The name of a group 

 of Pedaliacece, now included in Roger/a. 

 The same title, given by De Candolle to a 

 section of Thlaspi, has been adopted as a 

 generic name by Boissier, the section being 

 raised to the position of a genus, and dis- 

 tinguished from the true Thlaspi by the 

 absence of a wing around the pod. [W. C] 



CARPOCB^ETE. A genus of the com- 

 posite family, comprising a few slender 

 under shrubs, all of them natives of New 

 Mexico. Their leaves are opposite, sessile, 

 entire, very narrow, and furnished with 

 glandular dots. The flower-heads purple 

 or white, in loose terminal corymbs ; each 

 head with from six to eight florets, all 

 fertile and about an inch in length. The 

 pappus is composed of five to fourteen 

 linear-lanceolate toothed scales, and the 

 achenes have ten slender furrows. Three 

 species are known. [A. A. B.] 



CARPOCLOXIFM. A free case or re- 

 ceptacle of spores found in certain algals. 



CARPODETES. A small genus of Ama- 

 ryllidacece, allied to Coburgia. It has 



oblong bulbs, ensiform leaves ten inches 

 long and half an inch wide, and a short 

 flower-scape with a large purple spathe, 

 and bearing from one to three flowers; 

 these are purplish-yellow, drooping, with 

 a slender cylindrical curved tube, a limb 

 of six short regular segments, and a short 

 cup-shaped coronet bearing the six stamens 

 on its margin. The species, C. recur vat a, is 

 a native of Peru. [T. M.] 



CARPODETUS. A genus of New Zealand 

 shrubs belonging to the order Escallo- 

 niacece. C. serratus has much the appear- 

 ance of a Bhamnus, but in its fruit is more 

 closely allied to Escallonia. The name of 

 the genus is derived from two Greek words 

 signifying fruit-bound, in allusion to the 

 fruit being girt by the calyx. The princi- 

 pal characteristics are the presence of five 

 petals, touching only by their margins, not 

 overlapping as in allied genera ; a viscid 

 stigma; and a leathery succulent fruit, 

 tightly girt with the margin of the calyx, 

 and having four or five compartments 

 containing several ovules. [M. T. M.] 



CARPODINUS. Climbing shrubs with 

 tendrils, natives of Sierra Leone, and 

 belonging to the order Apocynacece. They 

 have a funnel-shaped downy corolla, with 

 oblique lance-shaped reflexed segments; 

 five sagittate anthers; a globular stigma; 

 and an orange-shaped fruit containing 

 several seeds embedded in pulp. [M. T. M.] 



CARPODONTOS. A genus of the St. 

 John's-wort family, now generally referred 

 to Euceyphia : which see. [A. A. B.] 



CARPOLOBIA. A genus of the milk- 

 wort family (Polygalacece). The two 

 known species are natives of West Tro- 

 pical Africa. They are shrubs or small 

 trees, with alternate ovate acuminate 

 leaves, and short axillary racemes of yellow 

 or white flowers. The calyx is five-leaved ; 

 the petals five, one of them keeled and 

 crested at the apex ; the stamens eight in 

 number, their filaments united at the base, 

 five of them bearing anthers, the others 

 sterile. The ovary is two-celled with one 

 ovule in each cell, and becomes when ripe 

 a small fleshy somewhat three-angled 

 fruit, containing one seed, which is covered 

 with long silky hairs. [A. A. B.] 



CARPOLOGY. That part of Botany 

 which treats of the structure of fruits 

 and seeds. 



CARPOLTZA. A genus of South African 

 amaryllids, the only species of which, C. 

 spiralis, is a neat little plant, having ovate 

 bulbs, short linear filiform leaves, which 

 are twisted or recurved; a scape two to 

 five inches high, singularly twisted in a 

 spiral manner in the lower part, and bear- 

 ing at the top an umbel of from one to 

 four flowers. These flowers are white, the 

 sepals reddish outside tipped with green ; 

 they have a short funnel-sbaped tube, and 

 a regular somewhat spreading limb the 

 filaments are adnate to the tube, the three 

 alternate ones shorter, and all bearing 



