ceph] 



GTije Ercagurj) of 2Sfltatig. 



250 



colour, spotted with purple or brown, and 

 provided with hairs; the mouth furnished 

 with a thickened and regularly notched 

 rim. The flowers are borne on a long 

 spike, and have a coloured six-parted 

 calyx, without a corolla; twelve stamens, 

 six longer than the rest, inserted into a 

 disc, the anthers provided with a large 

 connective. There are six distinct carpels, 

 each bearing a single seed. Dr. Hooker in 

 a valuable paper on Nepenthes in the 

 Transactions of the Linnwan Society, says 



Cephalotus follicularis. 



that there are no intermediate stages 

 between the ordinary leaves and the pitch- 

 ers of Cephalotus, but that the transition 

 from one to the other is as sudden and 

 abrupt as from the cotyledons to the 

 pitchers in the seedling Nepenthes des- 

 cribed by him. The writer of this notice, 

 however, has on more than one occasion 

 observed intermediate stages between the 

 leaves and pitchers of this Australian 

 Pitcher-plant, in the shape of leafstalks 

 dilated and hollowed out at the point in 

 the form of a horn, or of the mouth of a 

 trumpet. [M. T. M.] 



CEPHALOXYS. A section of the rush 

 genus (Juncus) containing such species as 

 have the capsule perfectly three-celled, 

 the valves breaking away from the par- 

 titions, which remain attached to the 

 central columella. The J. repens of the 

 southern states of North America is the 

 type of this section. [J. T. S.J 



CEPHALUM. In Greek compounds = 

 the head, or terminal mass, or thickened 

 end of anything. 



CERA DE PALMA. The Peruvian 

 name for the waxy resinous matter secre- 

 ted by the wax-palm, Ceroxylon andicola. 



CERACEUS, CEREUS. Having the con- 

 sistence or appearance of wax. 



CERADIA. A genus of the composite 

 family found on the south-west coast of 

 Africa. The only known species, C.furcata, 

 is a shrub with fleshy horned and forking 

 stems, bearing on their apex a number of 

 bright green succulent veinless leaves., 



which are entire and spathulate in form- 

 From the axils of these the flower-heads 

 proceed; they are solitary, of a pale 

 yellow colour, and placed on stalks hardly 

 as long as the leaves. The name Ceradia 

 has allusion to the horned appearance of 

 the branches. From the wounded stems 

 of the plant exude small tears of a gum 

 resin, which in burning has a smell re- 

 sembling that of myrrh, and has been 

 caUed African Bdellium. [A. A. B.] 



CE'RAISTE COMMUNE. (Fr.) Any wild 

 Cerastium. 



CERAMIACE^E. A division of rose- 

 spored Algce distinguished amongst those 

 which have their spores collected without 

 order within a hyaline sac (Gongylosper- 

 meoe), by the capsular fruit being either 

 naked or surrounded by a whorl of threads. 

 The external walls of the capsule vary in 

 character, and are sometimes membranous 

 (favella), as if formed of a transformed 

 mother cell. The frond is either compound 

 or simple and filamentous. [M. J. BJ 



CERAMIDIA. A name given to the 

 globose ovate or conical capsules of rose- 

 spored Algce, mostly opening by a terminal 

 pore, and quite distinct from the frond. 

 They are, however, sometimes difficult to 

 distinguish from coccidia. Examples are 

 afforded by Laurencia. [M. J. B.] 



CERAMITJM. A genus of articulated 

 rose-spored Algw known at once by its 

 central thread being covered at intervals 

 with a layer of cells which give it a knotted 

 appearance. Sometimes the sepals project 

 so as to give the frond somewhat the 

 appearance of the stem of Equisetum. 

 The tetraspores are sunk in the frond. 

 Capsular fruit, consisting of a hyaline cell 

 containing many angular spores. Several 

 species occur on the coast, one or two of 

 which are amongst the most ordinary 

 parasites, upon larger sea-weeds. C. rubrum 

 is one of the sea-weeds most commonly 

 collected by summer visitors of our coasts, 

 abounding in company with the more deli- 

 cate C. pellucidum in almost every little 

 pool amongst the rocks. [M.J. B.J 



The name is also a synonym of Didy- 

 mochkena, a peculiar genus of South 

 Amencanferns. [T. M.J 



CERANAIBA. The Brazilian name of 

 a Palm called Copemicia cerifera. 



CERASTIUM. A rather extensive genus 

 of Caryophyllacece, containing small white- 

 flowered plants, generally called Mouse-ear 

 Chickweeds. Many of them are annuals, and 

 are more or less hairy or glandular. They 

 are distinguished from other genera of Al- 

 sinece, by their cylindrical capsule opening 

 by twice as many teeth as there are styles, 

 the latter being usually five. The petals 

 are generally bifid. The number of sepals, 

 petals, and stamens varies ; it is generally 

 five in the two former, and ten in the 

 staminal whorl. Several species occur in * 

 Britain. C. trigynum is an Alpine decum- 

 bent plant with only three styles, while in ! 



