261 



€t)£ Erca£ur|i of 2Sfltang. 



[CHAM 



C.Ernesti-Augusti is a small species.native 

 of New Grenada, having a stem about four 

 or five feet high. Its leaves are two feet 

 Ions, wedge-shaped at the base and almost 

 entire, being merely divided, for about half- 

 wav down the centre, into two spreading 

 sharp-pointed plaited lobes; the foot-stalks 

 of the leaves widen out at their bases and 

 clasp round the stem, giving it a swollen 

 appearance. The female flower spikes of 

 this species are cylindrical, about a foot 

 loner and undivided, and form a very 

 striking object, being at first of a dark 

 green colour and studded with red bead 

 like flowers ; but when these latter fall 

 away, the spike becomes a bright coral-red 

 colour. [A. SJ 



CHAM2EDRYS. An old herbalist's word, 

 literally signifying ' dwarf oak,' applied to 

 both Teucrium Chamcedrys and Veronica 

 Chamcedrys. 



CHAM^EJASME. Androsace Chamce- 

 jasme ; also Stellaria Chamcejasme. 



CHAM-EL AUCIACE-E. A tribe of Myr- 

 taceo?, sometimes considered as a separate 

 family. They are distinguished by their 

 heath-like habit and foliage, their one- 

 celled ovary with few ovules, their sta- 

 mens partially reduced to staminodia, and j 

 by their sepals often extended into bristles 

 or broken up into fringes. The latter 

 character is, however, evanescent in some 

 genera, and the others may be more or 

 less traced through Bceckea or its allies 

 into the true Myrtacem. There is a con- 

 siderable number of species, all Australian, 

 and distributed under fourteen or fifteen 

 genera, of which the principal ones are 

 Calytrix, Lhotskya, Yerticordia, Chamcelau- 

 cium, Genetyllis, &c. 



CHANLELALCIUM. A genus of Chamce- 

 lauciacece, containing small heath-leaved 

 shrubs, from South Australia. The leaves 

 are opposite, crowded, semi-cylindrical or 

 three-edged, with dots formed by small 

 cavities containing essential oil. The 

 flowers are white, shortly-stalked, axil- 

 lary or terminal. The calyx has two con- 

 cave mucronate bracts at the base, which 

 enclose the bud ; the calyx tube adheres 

 to the short ovary at the base ; the limb is 

 five-cleft and subpetaloid ; the petals are 

 five ; stamens ten, the alternate ones 

 abortive, strap-shaped ; capsule one-celled, 

 indehiscent, few-seeded. [J. T. S.] 



CHAM-ELEO> T , BLACK. Cardopatium 

 corymbosum. —, "WHITE. Carlina gum- 

 mi/era. 



CHAM.EMELES. A genus of apple- 

 worts, having the free border of the calyx 

 truncate, and obscurely five-toothed; petals 

 five, small, irregularly-toothed ; stamens 

 ten to fifteen ; style, or appendage on the 

 seed-vessel, simple, slightly notched at the 

 tip: fruit one-celled; cotyledons convo- 

 lute. The name means literally 'pigmy 

 apple,' to indicate the general nature of 

 the fruit, and the low habit of the plant. 

 The genus was founded by Dr. Lindley, to 



comprehend a dwarf shrub very like Box, 

 a native of the sea cliffs in Madeira, having 

 simple shining evergreen mostly entire 

 leaves, and flowers growing in clusters, 

 which are leafy at the base. [G. D.] 



CHAM^EMESPILUS. Pyrus Cliamcemes- 

 pilus. 



CHAM.EMORTJS. Eubus Chamcemorus. 



CHAM.ENERION. A subdivision of 

 the genus Epilobimn, comprising those 

 species which have regular erect flowers 

 (though in some cases drooping while in 

 bud), and either club-shaped or four-cleft, 

 not cruciform stigmas. [C. A. J.] 



CHAM^EPEUCE. A genus of the com- 

 posite family, allied, on the one hand, to 

 plume-thistles (Cirsium), and, on the other, 

 to true thistles (Cardials). From the first 

 of these it differs in the covering of the 

 achenes being hardened, not membrana- 

 ceous ; and from the second, in the pappus 

 being feathery, not simple-haired. A few 

 of the species have narrow entire leaves 

 with recurved margins, but the greater 

 portion of them are hostile-looking thistle- 

 like plants, from one to six feet high : the 

 leaves generally lanceolate in form, smooth 

 above, but as well as the stems covered 

 underneath with a white cottony sub- 

 stance, and their margins furnished with 

 numerous long spiny teeth ; the flower 

 heads one to two inches in diameter, ar- 

 ranged in corymbs or long leafy racemes; 

 the corollas purple or white, and enclosed 

 by an involucre made up of many spiny- 

 pointed scales. The fifteen known species 

 are natives of the Mediterranean region, 

 and extend eastwards to the Caucasus. 

 The name also belongs to Sta-helina Char 

 mcepeuce. [A. A. B.] 



CHAMiEPITYS. Ajuga Chamcepitys. 



CHAM.ERHODOS. A genus of the rose 

 family, allied, on the one hand, to Potentllla, 

 from which it differs in having a definite 

 number of stamens and carpels; and on 

 the other to Sibbaldia, which has a double 

 calyx composed of ten segments in two 

 rows, while the calyx in this genus is of 

 Ave segments in one row. The species are 

 small perennial plants, seldom attaining 

 more than a foot in height, and generally 

 having decumbent stems which are fur- 

 nished with alternate three or many- 

 parted leaves, about half an inch long, 

 their segments narrow and covered with 

 greyish pubescence. The flowers are small, 

 white or purple in colour, either single in 

 the axils of the leaves, or numerous and 

 arranged in leafy panicles. These plants 

 are found in Siberia, N. China, and Thibet 

 (where C. sabulosa grows at an elevation 

 of 15,000 feet), and also in the Rocky 

 Mountains of N. America. [A. A. BJ 



CHAMiEROPS. This is the most northern 

 genus of palms. It contains about ten or 

 twelve species, inhabitants of Northern 

 Asia, Africa, and America, and Southern 

 Europe. They are mostly of dwarf habit, 

 but sometimes grow as high as thirty feet. 



