299 



Zi)t Ernt£ttrg at 23otang. 



[cut 



receptacle of composites; a shortened 

 widened axis. 



CLIXAXTHTTS. A name given to a 

 group of Peruvian amaryllids ; subse- 

 quently changed to Clitanthes, and now 

 merged in Coburgia. [T. MJ 



CLIXIUM. In Greek compounds = re- 

 ceptacle. Also an accessary part of cer- 

 tain fungals, consisting of very small long 

 simple or branched cells, bearing a spore j 

 at their end. 



OLIXOPODIUM. One of the names of 

 the Wild Basil, now referred to Calamintha. 



CLIXTONIA. A small genus of lobe- | 

 liads, consisting of dwarf annuals with the 

 I aspect and habit of Lobelia, but differing 

 ; from that genus in the corolla being with- j 

 j out a tube, and in the character of the 

 ! seed-vessel, which, instead of being a half j 

 i egg-shaped two-celled capsule opening 

 ! when ripe by pores at the summit, is a ! 

 | long slender three-angled pod of one cell 

 ' only, with seeds attached to two parietal 

 j placentas, and splitting when ripe into ; 

 j three narrow thong-like valves. Of the ' 

 several species composing the genus, but j 

 two are known in British gardens, C. pul- ; 

 chella and C. elegans, both natives of Cali- 

 fornia. The former is an elegant little j 

 plant, with slender prostrate branched j 

 stems, sparingly clothed with linear blunt 

 foliage, and producing from its upper 

 axils numerous flowers, with the upper 

 lip of two spreading deep blue segments, 

 and the lower lip very broadly wedge- 

 shaped, three-lobed, blue at the margin, 

 1 the centre being white and yellow with ! 

 several deep purple spots. The pod is so i 

 long and slender that it presents the ap- j 

 j pearance of a foot-stalk rather than that 

 : of a seed-vessel. C. elegans is distinguished 

 by its leaves being ovate instead of linear, 

 and its flowers of a pale blue colour. The 

 name of this genus has also been applied 

 by Rafinesque to a small group of plants 

 | belonging to the lily tribe. [W. T.] 



! CLIOCARPUS. A genus of Brazilian 

 shrubs of the family Atropacew, remark- 

 able for being densely covered with small 

 s(#r-shaped hairs. The flowers are stalked, 

 and are set in the axils of the leaves. The 

 calyx is hairy, platter-shaped at its base, 

 with five small pouches near its junction 

 : with the flower-stalk, the upper portion 

 : divided into five lance-shaped spreading 

 segments, which increase in size as the 

 ■ fruit ripens, and become erect ; their 

 margins also are everted and touch those 

 of the adjacent segments, so that a kind of 

 tubeisformed. The corolla is wheel-shaped, 

 i hairy, its divisions with a prominent nerve. 

 The Ave stamens arise from a thickened 

 rim at the base of the corolla, and have 

 short wavy filaments, and large four-celled 

 anthers. The fruit is a many-seeded berry 

 included within the calyx. [M. T. MJ 



CLIOCOCCA. A genus of Linacece from 

 South Australia, scarcely distinct from 

 Linum, the only differential characters be- 

 ing the imbricated, not contorted, aestiva- 



tion of the corolla, and the capsule split- 

 ting into ten cocci. [J. T. SJ 



CLITANTHES. A name proposed for a 

 group of amaryllids, since referred to Co- 

 burgia. [T. MJ 



CLITOCTBI. A sub-genus of white- 

 spored agarics with strongly decurrent, 

 or acutely-adnate gills, the stem elastic 

 with a fibrous outer coat, and the pileus j 

 convex when young, though depressed 

 when old. It contains a great many spe- I 

 cies, some of which are excellent articles 

 of food. Agaricus nebularis, for example, | 

 which occurs in woods with a compact ob- | 

 tuse pileus, clouded with grey, is one of I 

 the most delicate of mushrooms ; and A. I 

 geotropus, especially the form called sub- j 

 involutus, is not to be despised. [M. J. BJ 



CLITOPILUS. A sub-genus of rose- 

 spored mushrooms with decurrent gills, 

 and the pileus confluent with the fleshy 

 or fibrous stem. Agaricus primulas, which 

 is a frequent inhabitant of our woods, and 

 readily recognised by its primrose-whitish 

 depressed pileus, narrow rose-coloured de- 

 current gills, and mealy scent, belongs to 

 this sub-genus, and is excellent either 

 stewed or pickled. It must not be con- 

 founded with A. gambosus (see Tricho- 

 loma) which sometimes bears the same 

 name. Most of the species are too small 

 to be of much value. [M. J. BJ 



CLITORIA. A large genus of pea- 

 flowered plants belonging to the legu- 

 minous family, and nearly related to Cen- 

 trosema, but differing in the standard 

 having no spur-like appendage near its 

 base. The genus is widely distributed, 

 being found in tropical Asia, Africa, and 

 America : in the latter country in the 

 greatest numbers, and almost exclusively 

 on the eastern side of the Andes. The 

 greater portion of the species are large 

 climbers, scrambling over trees to a great 

 height ; some few are erect, and several 

 are twiners among bushes. The alternate 

 pinnate leaves are made up of one or 

 many pairs of opposite leaflets, and a ter- 

 minal odd one. The peduncles arise from 

 the axils of the leaves, and bear one or 

 many large purple blue white or red 

 flowers, often two to three inches long. 

 The tubular five-toothed calyx is furnished 

 with two bracts at its base ; the standard 

 is large and oval, notched or bifid at the 

 apex, and narrowed into aclawatthe base, 

 the wings are much smaller than the 

 standard, and the keel smaller than the 

 wings and sometimes almost hidden by 

 them. The straight pod is sometimes 

 winged, and contains a number of seeds. 



C. Ternatea, so called because the seeds 

 were first brought from the island of Ter- 

 nate, one of the Moluccas, is a very com- 

 mon plant in most tropical countries, and 

 has long been in cultivation in England. 

 In habit it is much like the common pea. 

 Its leaves have two to four pairs of oval 

 leaflets and a terminal odd one. The large 

 handsome flowers grow in the axils of the 

 leaves, and are of a beautiful blue colour, 



