CLIV] 



Wfyz &rca£urg of 33otaug, 



300 



the standard with a white or yellow hlotch | 

 at its base. They sometimes occur double, 

 and a variety with white flowers also 

 exists. The corollas of the blue variety j 

 are said to afford a blue dye in Cochin | 

 China, but it is not permanent, and Rum- 

 phius says that they are used for colouring 

 boiled rice in Amboyna. The root is re- 

 puted to be as powerfully purgative as 

 jalap ; and in India, where it is sold in the 

 bazaars in pieces about the thickness of 

 two quills, it is given to children to pro- 

 mote sickness and vomiting. The Butter- 

 fly Pea, C Mariana, has a curious dis- 

 tribution, being found in the Southern 

 American States and Mexico, and appear- 

 ing again in the Khasia Mountains in 

 India without being found in any interven- 

 ing place. It is a Slender twining plant 

 with leaves made up of three oval or lanceo- 

 late thin leaflets, about two inches long, 

 and axillary peduncles bearing one or 

 three flowers of a light blue colour. C. 

 arborescens, a native of the West Indies 

 and the adjoining mainland, is the only 

 one of the numerous large scandent spe- 

 cies peculiar to South America, which are 

 in cultivation. Its leaves are pinnate and 

 more than a foot in length, and the leaflets 

 sometimes eight inches long and four 

 broad. The large pale-blue flowers are nu- 

 merous and in racemes, which are shorter 

 than the leaves. Some of the species were 

 formerly known under the names Neu- 

 rocarpiim&nd Ternatea. [A. A. B.] 



CLIVERS, or CLEAVERS. Galium Apa- 

 rine. 



CLIVIA. A beautiful genus of amaryl- 

 lids, to which the name Imatophy Hum has 

 also been applied. The latter, however, 

 corrected to Imantophyllum, Sir W. J. 

 Hooker now proposes to apply to a distinct 

 though allied plant of South Africa called 

 I. miniatum. The Olivias consist of herbs 

 with fasciculate fleshy roots, and distichous 

 lorate radical persistent dark-green leaves, 

 from among which springs a plano-convex 

 scape, bearing at top a crowded umbel of 

 drooping flowers. These are formed of a 

 six-leaved cylindrically funnel-like peri- 

 anth curved on the upper side, the divi- 

 sions having fourfold diversity, and being 

 coiuiivent into the form of a tube, over- 

 lapping and partially united at the base ; 

 the three exterior ones are the shortest; 

 there are six equal slightly protruded sta- 

 mens affixed to the base of the segments, a 

 three-lobed stigma, and an inferior three- 

 celled ovary containing many ovules and 

 seeds, the cells, according to Herbert, 

 being three-seeded. The species are of 

 South African origin. C. nobilis is a very 

 handsome plant, often seen in green- 

 houses, remarkable for its sturdy-looking 

 harsh evergreen retuse two-ranked leaves, 

 and producing a large head of numerous 

 (forty to fifty) pendulous, club-shaped, 

 orange-scarlet flowers tipped with green. 

 C. Garden i is a similar plant from Natal. 

 C. c y via nth i 'flora, a plant raised in the Bel- 

 gian gardens, and known under the name 

 of Imantophyllum cyrtanthiflorum, is said 



to be a hybrid between C. nobilis and the 

 Imantophyllum miniatum above referred to. 

 It has distichous lorate leaves, and an erect 

 flower-scape, bearing numerous drooping 

 slender funnel-shaped flowers, of a pale 

 flame-colour with green tips. [T. M.] 



CLOCHETTE DES CHAMPS. (Fr.) Con- 

 volvulus arvensis. — D'HIVER. Galan- 

 thus nivalis. 



CLOSTERANDRA. A poppy-like papa- 

 veraceous plant imperfectly known. The 

 filaments of the stamens are dilated in the 

 middle. The ovary is obovate, one-celled, 

 surmounted by five radiating stigmas 

 which fall off when the capsular fruit is 

 ripe. [M. T. MJ 



CLOT-BURR. A North American name 

 for Xanthium. 

 CLOUDBERRY. Bubus Chamcemorus. 



CLOUDED. When colours are unequally 

 blended together. 



CLOVE BARK. The bark of Cinnamo- 

 mum Oulilawan. 



CLOVE CASSIA. The bark of Dicypel- 

 lium Caryoplujllatum. 



CLOVE GILLIPLOWER. The aromatic- 

 scented double-flowered whole-coloured 

 varieties of Dianthus Caryophyllus. 



CLOVE NUTMEG. The fruit of Agatho 



phyllum aromaticum. 



CLOVE TREE. Caryophyllus aromati- 

 cus. The cloves of commerce are the 

 dried aromatic flower-buds. — , WILD. 

 Eugenia acris. 



CLOVER. The common name for Tri- 

 folium, especially applied to the sorts cul- 

 tivated for fodder. — , BOKHARA. Meli- 

 lotus leucantha, a fodder plant, very grate- 

 ful to bees. — , BUSH. An American name 

 for Lespedeza.- — , PRAIR-IE, An American 

 name for Petalostemon. — , SOOLA. Hedy- 

 sarum coronarium. — , SWEET. An. 

 American name for Melilotus. 



CLOVES. The small bulbs formed with- 

 in the mother-bulb of certain plants ; such 

 as garlic. 



CLOVEWORTS. A name sometimes 

 used for the ^aryophyllaceous family to 

 which the clove gilliflower belongs. 



CLOWESIA rosea. A very rare or- 

 chid, with the habit of Catasetum, said to 

 be a native of Brazil. It has erect racemes 

 of concave white flowers delicately edged 

 with rose-colour, broad fringed petals, and 

 a saccate three-lobed lip the edge of which 

 is broken up into innumerable thread- 

 shaped glands. The anther lies at the 

 bottom of an upright toothed hood. The 

 caudicle resembles an hour-glass slit at the 

 back. 



CLOWN'S ALLHEAL. Stachys palustris, 

 CLUBBING. A peculiar condition or 

 hypertrophia affecting the roots of cab- 

 bages and other allied parts, in which the 



