coll] 



Clje Crea<9ttri) at Matmig. 



314 



another genus of the same order, now ' 

 called Urceolina. [T. M.] 



COLLAR. The ring upon the stipe of 

 an agaric ; see also Collum. 



COLLARE. The ligule, or transverse 

 membrane that stands in grasses at the 

 junction of the Wade and sheath of the 

 leaf. 



COLLATERAL. Standing side by side. 



COLLECTORS. The hairs found on the 

 style of such plants as the Campanula, 

 and which collect or brush out the pollen 

 from the anthers. 



COLLEMACEiE. A natural order of 

 lichens, distinguished principally by their 

 gelatinous substance and the green glo- 

 bules or gonidia, which are so distinctive a 

 mark of lichens in general, forming neck- 

 lace-like threads. They are found in vari- 

 ous parts of the world, and though in 

 general attracting little notice when dry, 

 a few hours rain swells them out and ex- 

 hibits often extremely beautiful forms. 

 One of the most curious genera is Myrian- 

 gium, which occurs in the southern part 

 of England, Algeria, Australia, and the 

 United States, on the trunks of living 

 trees, and is remarkable for the high de- 

 velopment of the sacs or asci in which the 

 sporidia are contained. These plants have 

 been considered as a distinct group from 

 lichens, but such a notion is at present re- 

 ceived with little favour. The resemblance 

 of the young plant to Nostoc is so striking, 

 both in appearance and structure, that the 

 one has been supposed to be the infant 

 state of the other, but without sufficient 

 grounds. The species grow on trees, rocks, 

 and the bare ground, and, if Lichina be in- 

 cluded, in situations exposed to frequent 

 immersion in the sea. One at least of the 

 species has a very fetid smell. We are not 

 aware that they have ever been applied 

 economically. [M. J.B.] 



COLLENCHYMA. The cellular matter 

 in which the pollen is generated ; usually 

 absorbed, but remaining and assuming a 

 definite form in some plants, as in orchids, 

 or delicate threads, as in CEiwtliera. 



COLLETIA. A genus of American Rham- 

 naceoz inhabiting Chili, Peru, and Mexico. 

 They are much-branched shrubs, scantily 

 furnished with minute leaves, and having 

 spines which stand at right angles with 

 the stem in alternate pairs. The flowers, 

 which are yellowish or white, are either 

 solitary or in tufts in the axils of the 

 leaves, or rise from beneath the base of 

 the spines. Two or three species are 

 known in gardens. [C. A. J.] 



COLLINSIA. A genus of dwarf an- 

 nuals belonging to Scrophulariacea?, all 

 indigenous to North America, chiefly of 

 the north-western regions, and including 

 several showy border plants. Its most 

 important features are a deeply five-cleft 

 calyx ; a two-lipped irregular corolla, with 

 the tube bulging at the base on the upper 

 side, the upper lip two-cleft with its lobes I 



erect, the lower lip three-cleft, the middle 

 lobe forming a pouch-like cavity in which 

 the stamens and style are enclosed ; and 

 a globose two-celled many-seeded capsule. 

 All the species are of branching habit, 

 and furnished with opposite leaves, and 

 flowers in erect whorled racemes. C. bi- 

 color, one of the best known, grows twelve 

 to eighteen inches high, and has sessile 

 I ovate-lanceolate toothed leaves, either op- 

 I posite or'in threes, and strongly nerved, 

 the flowers, which are in whorls of five or 

 six blossoms, having their upper lip very 

 ' pale lilac or whitish, and the lower one 

 j deep lilac-purple. C. heterophylla has 

 rather larger and deeper coloured flowers, 

 ! with the calyx clothed with coarse hairs, 

 ! and the lower leaves three-lobed and 

 stalked. In C. multicolor the upper lip has 

 a broad white central spot speckled with 

 crimson, and the leaves beneath the whorls 

 are tinged with purple. These characters 

 are, however, somewhat inconstant under 

 cultivation, and it is doubtful whether 

 this plant, as well as C. heterophylla, may 

 not be a mere variety of C. bicolor. C. 

 verna is a very pretty little species scarcely 

 known in this country, though the first 

 discovered ; it differs from the preceding 

 in its flowers having longer pedicels, as 

 well as in their colour, which is pure white 

 in the upper lip, and blue, of variable in- 

 tensity, in the lower one. C. grandiflora, a 

 species common in our gardens, is some- 

 times confounded with verna, but has 

 shorter pedicels, and the upper lip ,of 

 flower is lilac. [W. TJ 



COLLINSONIA. A genus of Labiato?, 

 containing a few species of strong-scented 

 perennial herbs, natives of North America. 

 They have large ovate leaves, and yellowish 

 flowers on slender pedicels in loose and 

 panicled terminal racemes. The calyx is 

 ovate and two-lipped, with the upper lip 

 truncate and three-toothed, and the lower 

 two-toothed ; it is declined in fruit. The 

 corolla is elongated, expanded at the throat, 

 and somewhat two-lipped, with the four 

 upper lobes nearly equal, but the lower 

 larger, longer and pendent, toothed or 

 lacerate-fringed. There are two, sometimes 

 four, much exserted diverging stamens, 

 with divergent anther cells; the apex of 

 the style is subequally bifid; and the nucule 

 is smooth. [W. C] 



COLLINUS. Growing on low hills. 



COLLOMIA. A small genus of phlox- 

 worts, having a five-cleft campanulate caly T x, 

 a corolla with salver-shaped limb and slen- 

 der tube, five stamens inserted in the mid- 

 dle of the tube, and a three-celled capsule, 

 each cell containing one or two seeds. It is 

 nearly related to Gilia, from which it 

 differs chiefly in habit, colour of flowers, 

 and form of corolla. The species are all 

 dwarf annuals with red or buff-coloured 

 flowers, natives of the 'Western Hemi- 

 sphere, and chiefly of California. With 

 one or two exceptions they are quite de- 

 void of interest as ornamental plants, their 

 flowers being small and without effect. G. 



