323 



€f)2 Creature of SSotang. 



[CONO 



of growth, either green or red, a phenome- 

 non not very uncommon amongst the 

 green-spored Algce. Conjugation takes place 

 also in Besmidiacece. and Biatomacece, and 

 also amongst moulds, as in Syzygites, so 

 common on decaying toadstools. [M. J. BJ 



CONJUGATE. Paired ; when the petiole 

 of a leaf hears one pair only of leaflets. 



CONJUGATO-PALMATE. When a leaf 

 divides into two arms, each of which is 

 palmate. 



CONJUGATO-PINNATE. When a leaf 

 divides into two arms, each of which is 

 pinnate. 



CONJUNCTORIUM. The operculum of 

 the spore-case of an urn-moss. 



CONJURER OF CHALGRAVE'S FERN. 

 A name assigned by Relhan in his Flora of 

 Cambridgeshire to Puccinia anemones ; but 

 whether a popular name or not we are un- 

 able to say. It is derived from the external 

 resemblance of its little heaps of proto- 

 spores to the fructification of Ferns. P. 

 anemones is 'filix lobata, globulis pulveru- 

 lentis undique aspersa' of Ray's Synopsis, 

 where it is figured, and named after a spe- 

 cimen in Bobart's Herbarium marked by 

 his own hand—' This capillary was gath- 

 ered by the Conjurer of Chalgrave.' The ] 

 elder Bobart, it may he observed, died in 

 1680, and his son, who succeeded him, in 

 1719. [M. J. B.] J 



CONNARACE.E. (Connarads.) A family of 

 calycifloral dicotyledons, closely allied on 

 the one hand to Xanthoxylece, and on the 

 other to Leguminosoe, differing from the 

 former chiefly in the more completely apo- 

 carpous ovary, and from the latter in the 

 perfectly regular flowers, and in the seed j 

 in which the radicle is always at a distance j 

 from the hilum. They are trees or shrubs, 

 sometimes climbing, with alternate usu- | 

 ally pinnate leaves ; the stipules either j 

 small and deciduous, or wanting ; the flow- 

 ers small, in terminal or axillary racemes or j 

 panicles. There are five sepals and petals, | 

 ten stamens, and one to five carpels, with 

 two ovules in each, and distinct terminal 

 styles. There are about forty species, na- 

 tives of the tropics both of the New and 

 the Old World. They are distributed into 

 six or seven genera, of which the principal 

 ones are Rourea, Connarus, and Gnestis. The 

 aril in some species of Omphalobium is 

 entire. Zebra-wood is obtained from Om- , 

 phalobium Larnberti. 



GONTS ARTJS. A genus of shrubs or trees, j 

 forming the type of the order Connaracece. j 

 The leaves are compound,without stipules ; 

 the flowers regular, with ten stamens 

 united by their filaments at the base, the 

 five which are opposite to the petals shorter 

 than the rest. 'Of the five ovaries, four 

 are generally abortive, and reduced to the 

 condition of styles, while the fifth contains 

 two ascending ovules ; the stigma is di- 

 lated. The fruit is a kind of pod, but it 

 does not open, and contains only one seed, 

 the other being suppressed. The trees are J 



natives of India, and tropical South Ame- 

 rica. [M. T.M.] 



CONNATE. When the bases of two op- 

 posite leaves are united together. Also 

 when any parts, originally distinct, become 

 united in after-growth. 



CONNECTIVAL. Of or belonging to the 



connective. 



CONNECTIVE. The part which inter- 

 venes between the two lobes of an anther 

 and holds them together ; it is subject to 

 great diversity of form. It appears to be 

 analogous to the midrib of a leaf, and is 

 only absent when an anther is strictly one- 

 celled ; that is to say, when the whole of 

 the interior of the end of the stamen is 

 converted into pollen. 



CONNEMON. The fruit of Cucumis Cono- 

 vion, cultivated everywhere in Japan. 



CONNIVENT. Having a gradually inward 

 direction, as many petals ; converging. 



CONOCARP. A fruit consisting of a col- 

 lection of carpels arranged upon a conical 

 centre, as the strawberry. 



CONOCARPUS. A genus of Combretacece, 

 consisting of trees and shrubs from tropi- 

 cal America (one species extending north- 

 wards as far as Florida) and Western Africa, 

 with alternate leathery entire leaves, and 

 densely aggregated stalked heads of flowers 

 on globular or oblong receptacles. Calyx 

 about the length of the ovary to which it 

 adheres; petals none; stamens five to ten ex- 

 serted ; ovary compressed, two-ovuled. The 

 fruit is leathery, scale-like, forming imbri- 

 cated cone-like heads. The Indian species, 

 which were formerly placed in this genus, 

 are now, separated under the name of 

 Anogeissus, having the calyx tube pro- 

 longed upwards far above the ovary. They 

 produce very valuable timber, nearly as 

 durable as teak, if kept dry. [J. T. S.] 



CONOCLINIUM. The name given to a 

 genus of the composite family, composed 

 of a number of tropical American weeds, 

 rarely exceeding three feet in height. It 

 is characterised by a setose pappus, conical 

 naked receptacle, and bell-shaped involucre, 

 made up of two or three series of linear 

 scales. The species, of which about ten 

 are enumerated, bear much resemblance 

 to each other. C. ccelestinum is a common 

 plant in thickets and waste places in the 

 Southern and Western United States. It is 

 a smooth or slightly hairy herb with oppo- 

 site stalked leaves, which are oval in form, 

 with notched margins. The flower-heads, 

 in terminal corymbs, are very numerous, 

 and about the size of a pea ; the florets, of a 

 bright blue or purple colour, are all tubu- 

 lar, and have a fragrant odour. The genus 

 differs from Eupatorium only in the conical 

 receptacle. [A. A. BJ 



CONOID AL. Resembling a conical figure, 

 but not truly one, as the calyx of Silene 

 conoidea. 



CONOMORPHA. A genus of 3mall ever- 



