CYRT 



Efje Cwarftttg at 33atang. 



376 



within which two or three excurrent vein 

 lets are produced. Sometimes only the up- 

 per venules are anastomosed. The species 

 are robust evergreen pinnate ferns, of very 

 ornamental character, the pinnse being of a 



Cyrtomium caryotideum. 



deep shining green, broad, and of a singu- 

 lar rhomb-lanceolate form, sometimes ap- 

 proaching to hastate. The species are few, 

 the typical ones natives of India, China, and 

 Japan, one or two, somewhat anomalous, 

 occurring in South America. [T. M.] 



CYRTONEMA. Herbaceous plants of the 

 gourd family, Cucurbitacece, with tuberous 

 rhizomes, simple tendrils, and monoecious 

 greenish flowers, the males in clusters, the 

 females solitary. The stamens are five, in 

 three bundles, with straight anther-lobes, 

 and curved filaments thickened at the top. 

 The fruit is a spindle-shaped beaked gourd 

 with three compartments and few seeds. 

 The plants are natives of the Cape of Good 

 Hope. [M.T.M.] 



CYRTOPERA. A genus of tuberous 

 tropical orchids with a tall radical inflores- 

 cence and membranous plaited leaves, 

 sometimes not appearing along with the 

 flowers. Some are American, some Asiatic, 

 a few are South African, and one, C. plan- 

 tag inea, is from Madagascar. C.Wood/ordi, 

 a plant with dense upright racemes of 

 greenish-purple flowers, is the only one in 

 cultivation. The genus is perhaps hardly 

 distinct from Eulophia. 



CYRTOPHLEBIUM. A name proposed 

 for the species of Campy loneurum, a 

 genus of polypodiaceous mostly simple- 

 fronded ferns. [T. M.] 



CYRTOPODIUM. Under this genus are 

 collected some species of terrestrial or- 

 chids from Tropical America, with long 

 fusiform fleshy stems, bearing membranous 

 plaited leaves, and long racemes or pani- 

 cles of showy yellow or spotted flowers, 

 whose scape rises from the base of the 

 stem. They are very fine objects in culti- 

 vation, well grown specimens measuring 

 as much as five feet in height. The hand- 

 somest species are C. Andersoni and cardi- 

 ochilum, brilliant yellow, and C.punctatum, 

 yellow and brown. Tyloch ilusjlavus of the 

 Germans is the same as Cyrtopodium An- 

 dersoni. 



leafless and usually climbing orchids, allied 

 to Vanilla, but producing a more or less 

 dry capsule instead of a fleshy aromatic 

 fruit. Few species are known, among 

 which are the Dendrobium cassythoides of 

 New Holland, or Ledgeria aplvylla of 

 Mueller ; and the Erythrorcliis or Hcemator- 

 chis of Blume. The best known species is 

 Cyrtosia Lindleyana of Sikkim, admirably 

 represented by Dr. J. D. Hooker. This is a 

 stout erect plant, with a great woody root- 

 stock, a strong reddish brown stem, and 

 panicles of bright yellow flowers, suc- 

 ceeded by velvety brown flat pods which 

 after a long time open into flat valves. 

 The seeds are surrounded by a thin jagged 

 wing, which forms a pretty microscopical 

 object. 



CYRTOSPERMUM. A name applied by 

 Mr. Bentham to a tree growing in tropical 

 South America, forming a genus of Ana- 

 cardiacea?, and yielding a yellow-coloured 

 resin. The calyx is five-parted, and there 

 are ten stamens arising from beneath a 

 hypogynous disc ; but the chief peculiarity 

 resides in the drupe-like fruit, whose 

 bony inner shell is divided into two com- 

 partments by a hard curved partition : 

 one of these compartments is small and 

 empty, the other forms a horse shoe-shaped 

 cavity, containing a simple seed of the 

 same form attached to the apex of the 

 cavity. The same name has been applied 

 to a genus of Umbellifero?, now known as 

 Lereschia. [M. T. M.] 



CYRTOSTYLIS. Under this name are 

 collected a few little Australasian terres- 

 trial orchids, with thin solitary roundish 

 flat leaves, a slender naked scape, and two 

 or three greenish distant flowers. They 

 inhabit dry rocky spots on the edge of 

 ravines. 



CYST. The spore-case of certain fungals ; 

 also the hollow spaces in parenchyma in 

 which oily matter collects, as in the rind 

 of the orange. 



CYSTANTHE. A genus of Epacridacece, 

 containing a few species, natives of the 

 mountains of Tasmania. They are small 

 glabrous bushes with erect naked stems, 

 marked, as are also the lower portions of 

 the branches, with annular scars, where 

 the leaves, which are sheathing at the 

 base, were inserted. They have a subfoli- 

 aceous bracteate calyx ; the corolla is a 

 closed conical calyptra, which dehisces 

 transversely a little above its base, the 

 upper part falling away, and the lower be- 

 ing Very persistent ; the stamens are hy- 

 pogynous and persistent; the ovary is 

 five-celled, each cell containing many 

 ovules, attached to a pendulous placenta. 

 The plants resemble Sprengelia and Pilitis 

 in stature and habit ; from the first they 

 are separated by the structure of the 

 corolla, and from the second by the ab- 

 sence of hypogynous scales. [W. C] 



CYSTEA. A fanciful alteration, which 

 has not met with acceptance, of Cystopte- 

 CYRTOSIA. A remarkable genus of [ ris, the name of a genus of ferns. [T. MJ 



