ENGE 



Ef)e Crea^urg of 23otanj). 



452 



reduced to a mere ring. The corolla tube 

 is bent, and the limb fissured in front and 

 parted into five roundish lobes; there are 

 four didynamous stamens, with a rudi- 

 mentary fifth. The ovary is one-celled, 

 with one ovule in each cell ; and the fruit 

 is a fleshy one-celled drupe with a single 

 seed. [W. C] 



ENGELMANNIA. A genus of Euplwrbi- 

 acece, found in Texas and the neighbouring 

 states. It is nearly allied to Croton, but 

 differs in having fewer stamens, and in its 

 little capsular fruit, about the size of an 

 orange-pip, being composed of two not 

 three cocci. E. Nuttalliana, the only spe- 

 cies, is an erect branching herb one to two 

 feet high,with alternate stalked ovalleaves, 

 silvery-white underneath. The minute 

 flowers are disposed in little clusters in the 

 forks of the branches, the males and fe- 

 males together. The genus bears the name 

 of Dr. Engelmann, of St. Louis, an Ame- 

 rican botanist. A composite plant has also 

 been dedicated to him, but that now bears 

 the name Angelandra. [A. A. B.] 



The name is also applied to a section of 

 Cuscuta, elevated into a genus by Pfeiffer, 

 containing those species which have a four 

 or five-cleft monosepalous calyx, and a capi- 

 tate stigma, and in which the capsule de- 

 hisces at the apex. [W. C] 



ENGLISH MERCURY. Chenopodium 

 Bonus-Henricus. 



ENGRAIN. (Fr.) Triticum monococcum. 



ENHALTJS. A genus of Hydrocharidacem, 

 allied to Stratiotes, from which it differs 

 chiefly in having the inner segments of the 

 perianth linear. It is found in the estuaries 

 of the rivers, in Ceylon and other Indian 

 Islands. The leaves are radical, linear, 

 serrated at the apex, and the spathe of the 

 female flowers is two-leaved with a bearded 

 keel. [J. T. S.] 



ENKYANTHTJS. An elegant glabrous 

 shrub, with deciduous leaves and showy 

 red flowers, often tipped with white. It is a 

 native of South China, and has been intro- 

 duced into our gardens. It forms a genus 

 of Ericacece of the tribe Andromedece, dis- 

 tinguished by a campanulate flve-lobed 

 corolla, ten stamens having the anther-cells 

 tipped with awn-like points and opening 

 longitudinally to the base, and a free hard 

 five-celled capsule opening loculicidally 

 in as many valves. The flowers are termi- 

 nal, pedicellate and drooping, issuing, seve- 

 ral together, from a tuft of coloured bracts. 

 E. quinquejlorus is probably the only 

 species known, for E. reticulatus appears to 

 be only a slight variety of it. 



ENKYLIA. A genus of Cucurbitacece, 

 consisting of Indian climbing herbaceous 

 plants, with pedate downy leaves, having 

 somewhat spiny margins, and small flowers 

 arranged in panicles. The male flowers have 

 a five-fold calyx and corolla, and five sta- 

 mens completely united into one parcel ; 

 the female flowers have a similar calyx and 

 corolla, and an inferior ovary, with a single 

 pendulous ovule in each of the two or three 



compartments. Fruit berry-like, of the 

 form of a pea. [M. T. M.] 



ENNEA. In Greek compounds = nine. 



ENSATJE. A name given by Linnaeus to 

 a natural order of monocotyledonous or en- 

 dogenous plants, including Iris, Gladiolus, 

 Antholyza, Ixia, Sisyrinchium, Commcbjna, 

 Xyris, Eriocaulon, and Aphyllanthes. These 

 plants are now distributed over five sepa- 

 rate orders. [J. H. B.] 



ENSIAO. Sempervivum glutinosum. 



ENSIFORM, ENSATE. Quite straight, 

 with the point acute, like the blade of a 

 broad-sword, or the leaf of an Iris. 



ENTADA. A genus of leguminous plants 

 containing about half-a-dozen species of 

 climbing tropical shrubs, which have twice- 

 pinnated leaves, and flowers produced 

 either in spikes at the bases of the leaves, 

 or in bunches at the ends of the branches; 

 these flowers have a bell-shaped calyx, five 

 white or yellow petals, and ten stamens. 

 The most remarkable feature of the genus is 

 the extraordinary length of its pods, which 

 are flat and woody, divided into numerous 

 joints, each containing one large flat po- 

 lished seed. In E. scandens, a native of the 

 tropics of both hemispheres, the pods often 

 measure six or eight feet in length. The 

 seeds are about two inches across, by half an 

 inch thick, and have a hard woody and beau- 

 tifully polished shell, of a dark brown or 

 purplish colour. In the tropiGs the natives 

 convert these seeds into snuff-boxes, scent- 

 bottles, spoons, &c, and in the Indian 

 bazaars they are used as weights. Occa- 

 sionally they are sent to this country and 

 are hawked about the streets of London 

 under the name of West Indian Filberts, 

 but they are not eatable. Sometimes they 

 are conveyed by the great oceanic currents 

 to the shores of the west of Scotland and 

 the Orkneys, and they are occasionally 

 carried as far as the Lofiioden Isles and the 

 Norway coast. [A. SJ 



ENTANGLED. Intermixed in so irregu- 

 lar a manner as not to be readily disen- 

 tangled, such as the hairs, roots, and 

 branches of many plants. 



ENTELEA. A genus of Tiliacece, pecu- 

 liar to New Zealand, and represented by a 

 single species, E. arborescens, a small 

 branching tree from five to ten feet high, 

 with large alternate heart-shaped or three- 

 lobed leaves, and white flowers, some- 

 what like those of a small dog-rose, dis- 

 posed in little umbels which terminate the 

 branches of an axillary or terminal panicle. 

 They have a four or five-leaved calyx, a 

 like -number of somewhat crumpled pe- 

 tals, and numerous fertile stamens. The 

 four to six-celled capsular fruits are about 

 the size of a hazel nut. In New Zealand 

 the light wood is used by the natives as 

 floats for their nets. Sparmannia, to which 

 the plant is most nearly allied, differs in 

 having numerous sterile stamens' inter- 

 mixed with the fertile ones. [A. A. B.] 



EXTEROMORPHA. . A genus of green- 



