united at the base. It has been raised to a 

 generic position by Pfeiffer. [W. C] 



EPILITHES. The name of a small 

 herbaceous plant, which covers the rocks 

 in certain parts of the island of Java, and 

 is described by Dr. Blume as belonging to 

 Nyctaginacea,though his description seems 

 rather to apply to a plant of some other 

 order. The flowers are moncecious, four- 

 parted, the females without petals ; ovary 

 inferior with one ovule; stigmas four, 

 brush-like ; fruit berry-like. [M. T. M.J 



EPILOBITTM. A somewhat extensive 

 genus of mostly perennial herbaceous 

 plants belonging to the order Onagracece, 

 among which they are distinguished by 

 their flowers having eight stamens, and by 

 bearing numerous cottony seeds in an 

 elongated pod-like seed-vessel. They are 

 found in all situations, by rivers, in woods, 

 or on waste ground, and some are Alpine. 

 In habit they are mostly erect and but 

 little, if at all, branched ; the leaves are 

 narrow and opposite, frequently toothed 

 at the base ; and the flowers, which are 

 either axillary or in terminal spikes, are 

 generally of a purple hue, apparently 

 stalked, but in reality supported on the 

 slender rudimentary capsule. There are 

 several British species, most of which are 

 unpretending weeds ; but E. hirsutum, a tall 

 species growing from four to six feet high, 

 is frequently ornamental to the banks of 

 rivers and ponds. The flowers of this 

 plant are large and of a delicate pale pink, 

 with a conspicuous four-cleft white stigma. 

 The whole plant is downy, soft and 

 clammy, exhaling a peculiar acidulous 

 scent, which has gained for it the popular 

 name of Codlins and Cream. E. angusti- 

 folium is not often found truly wild, but 

 is a common ornament of cottage gardens, 

 when, if suffered to range at its will, it 

 soon overpowers all other herbaceous ve- 

 getation. It is sometimes planted with 

 advan tage in shrubberies when luxuriant 

 undergrowth is desired, but should not 

 be admitted into a small garden, as it is 

 most difficult of eradication. In this plant 

 the leaves are scattered and destitute of 

 all pubescence, and the flowers are irregu- 

 lar, large, rose-red, and grow in a terminal 

 spike. French, Epilobe, Laurier St. Antoine, 

 Osier fleuri ; German, Weiderich. [C.A. J.] 



EPIMEDIUM, Barrenwort. A genus of 

 Berber idacece, known by having the parts 

 of the flower in fours, there being four 

 sepals, eight petals and four stamens. 

 They are Alpine herbs, found in Europe, 

 Middle Asia, and Japan. E. alpinum, the 

 only European species, is a low herb with a 

 creeping rhizome, and long-stalked triter- 

 nate leaves, with large ovate-cordate 

 serrated leaflets, and panicles opposite the 

 leaves bearing rather small dull purplish 

 flowers, with the inner petals bulging at 

 the base ; it has been stated to grow in 

 Scotland and the north of England, but 

 only where planted. [J. T. S.] 



EPIXE BLANCHE. (Fr.) Crataegus 



Oxyacantha. — DU CHRIST. Pallurus 

 aculeatus. — NOIRE. Prunus spinosa, 



EPINETTE ROUGE. (Fr.) Larix 

 americana. 



EPINE-VINETTE. (Fr.) Berberis vul- 

 garis. 



E>INARD. (Fr.) Spinacia. — BLANC DU 

 MALABAR. Basella alba. — D'HIVER. 

 Spinacia spinosa. — DE HOLLANDE. 

 Spinacia inermis. — DU MALABAR. 

 Basella rubra. — FRAISE. Blitum virga- 

 tum. — IMMORTEL. Eumex Patientia. — 

 SAUVAGE. Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus. 



EPIPACTIS. A genus of terrestrial 

 orchids, consisting of erect herbs with 

 fibrous roots, and a leafy stem, bearing a 

 loose simple raceme of purplish-brown or 

 whitish flowers occasionally tinged with 

 red. The perianth is spreading, without 

 any spur : the petals and sepals are nearly 

 similar; the lip free from the column, 

 thick and concave at the base, the termi- 

 nal portion broad and petal-like, with two 

 protuberances at the base; the column 

 short with a terminal anther. There are 

 but few species, natives of the temperate 

 regions of the northern hemisphere. Two 

 only are British : E. latifolia, not unfre- 

 quent in woods and shady places, but 

 usually singly, attaining two feet in height 

 or even more, the lower leaves ovate, the 

 upper ones small and narrow, the flowers 

 varying from green to a dingy brown, and 

 hanging in a long loose one-sided raceme ; 

 and E. palustris, which is more local, 

 although abundant in particular spots, 

 and is not so tall, but a more showy plant, 

 the leaves narrower, the racemes more 

 compact, with larger slightly drooping 

 flowers, the sepals pale greenish-purple, 

 the petals and lip white, more or less 

 streaked with pink. 



EPIPETALOUS. Inserted or growing 

 on a petal. 



EPIPHEGUS. A genus of Oroban- 

 chacem, containing a single species from 

 North America. It is a brownish fleshy 

 herb, parasitic only upon the roots of the 

 beech, andfurnished with a branched stem, 

 and small remote scales, from the axils of 

 which spring root fibres as well as flowers. 

 The flowers on the upper portion of the 

 branches are hermaphrodite and have a 

 large corolla, but are generally barren, 

 while those on the lower parts of the 

 branches are small, have a short corolla, 

 and are always fructiferous. In the 

 hermaphrodite flowers, the corolla is 

 ringent, compressed and four-cleft with 

 the lower lip flat ; while in the female 

 flowers the corolla is short, obsoletely 

 four-toothed and deciduous. The capsule 

 is small, roundish, imperfectly two-valved, 

 with numerous ovate seeds. [W. 0.] 



EPIPHORA pubescens is a South African 

 epiphytal orchid about a span high, with 

 short ovate pseudo-bulbs bearing two or 

 three oblong linear leaves a little oblique 

 at the apex, and a erminal erect raceme of 



