)Nl] 



&f)e (toagttrp of 28 a tang. 



542 



gascar. A few are simple-fronded species, 

 with a creeping ivy-like habit, and con- 

 tracted fertile fronds ; but they have 

 mostly stoutish slow-creeping rhizomes, 

 and large pinnate or pinnatifld fronds, 

 often of pendulous habit, and sometimes 

 several feet in length, as in G. subauricu- 

 latum, a very handsome Javanese species, 

 in which, as in a few other allied kinds, 

 the sori are sunk in little hollows which 

 form excrescence-like knobs on the upper 

 surface. [T. M.J 



GONIOPTERIS. A genus of polypodia- 

 ceous ferns, having round naked sori, and 

 connivently anastomosing veins, in which 

 latter peculiarity they differ from Poly- 

 podium. They have a short erect or decum- 

 bent caudex, and herbaceous or subcoria- 

 ceous pinnatifld, pinnate, or pinnato- 

 pinnatifid fronds, the latter having some 

 resemblance in aspect to our common male 

 fern. The species are not numerous, but 

 widely dispersed, being found in the West 

 Indies and South America, in tropical 

 Africa and Madagascar, and in India, the 

 Pacific islands, Australia, and New Zea- 

 land. [T. M.] 



GONIOSTEMMA. A genus of Ascle- 

 piadacece, containing a single species, a 

 native of India. It is a twining shrub, 

 with opposite elliptical-oblong and gla- 

 brous leaves, and small flowers in lax many- 

 flowered panicles like axillary cymes ; they 

 have rotate flve-cleft corollas, and the sta- 

 minal crown is gamophyllous, tubular, five- 

 angled and flve-lobed, and adherent to the 

 base of the gynostegium. This genus is 

 separated from Secamone and Toxocarpus, 

 its nearest allies, by the structure of the 

 staminal crown, and by habit. [W. C.J 



GONOCALYX. A very beautiful vacci- 

 niaceous plant discovered by Schlimat an 

 elevation of 7,000 feet in New Grenada, in 

 the provinces of Pamplona and Ocaiia. It 

 forms a shrub of erect bushy habit, thickly 

 clothed with small nearly orbicular leaves, 

 and bearing fine bright red tubular flowers. 

 The young leaves and shoots are of a 

 purplish-rose colour. The only species has 

 been called G. pulcher. [T. M.] 



GONOGONO. Myristica spuria. 



GONOLOBUS. A large genus of Ascle- 

 piadacece, natives of North America, con- 

 sisting of twining herbaceous or shrubby 

 plants, with opposite heart-shaped leaves, 

 and greenish or dingy purple flowers in 

 racemes or corymbs on interpetiolar pe- 

 duncles. With a flve-parted calyx, they 

 have a rotate or reflexed and spreading 

 corolla, the limb of which is flve-parted, 

 the staminal crown forming a small fleshy 

 wavy-lobed ring in the throat. The fol- 

 licles.which are tunrid, more or less ribbed, 

 and armed with soft warty processes, con- 

 tain many comose seeds. Upwards of 

 sixty species have been described. [W. C.] 



GONOPHORUM. A short stalk which 

 bears the stamens and carpels in such 

 plants as anonads, &c. 



GONOSTEMON. A section of Stapelia, 

 characterised by having the outer of the 

 two whorls of the staminal crown composed 

 of five ligulate leaflets, and the interior of 

 as many simple hooked spines. [W. C ] 



GONYANTHES. A genus of Burman- 

 niacece, consisting of two or three species 

 from tropical Asia, differing from Burman- 

 nia chiefly in the capsule, which opens by 

 transverse fissures opposite the cells. They 

 are all slender leafless herbs, a few inches 

 in height, with small terminal flowers, 

 either solitary or few together in a little 

 cyme. 



GONYSTYLUS Miquelianus is the name 

 given by Miquel to the tree that produces 

 the fragrant wood called Kaju Garu by the 

 Malays. It is very much like eaglewood, 

 or Aquilaria Agallochum. 



GONZALEA. A genus of South Ameri- 

 can shrubs belonging to the Cinchonacece. 

 The tube of the calyx is somewhat globu- 

 lar, its limb four-parted ; corolla funnel- 

 shaped or salver-shaped, hairy externally, 

 stamens four, included within the corolla; 

 stigmas four ; seeds minute. [M. T. M.J 



GOODENIACEjE. (Goodenovicc, Scavo- 

 lacece, Goodeniads.) A natural order of 

 calycifloral dicotyledons, belonging to 

 Lindley's campanal alliance of epigynous 

 Exogens. Herbs, rarely shrubs, not milky, 

 with scattered exstipulate leaves and dis- 

 tinct flowers. Calyx usually superior, three 

 to five-divided ; corolla more or less supe- 

 rior, usually irregular, with a split tube 

 and a flve-parted lipped limb ; aestivation 

 conduplicate ; stamens five separate ; ovary 

 one to two-celled ; placentas free central ; 

 stigma surrounded by an indusium. Fruit 

 capsular or drupaceous ; seeds albuminous. 

 Natives chiefly of Australia and theislands 

 of the Southern Ocean. Some of the plants 

 are used as esculent vegetables, and their 

 pith is employed for economical purposes. 

 Saernla Taccada furnishes the rice-paper 

 of the Malay Archipelago ; the leaves of 

 the plant are eaten as a pot-herb, and its 

 fruit is succulent. There are about two 

 dozen genera, and nearly two hundred 

 species. Examples : Sccevola, Goodenia, 

 Velleja, Lesche?iaultia. [J, H. B.J 



GOODENIA. A genus of Goodeniacem, 

 distinguished by having a superior calyx 

 with a flve-parted limb, the corolla gene- 

 rally two-lipped, with the tube cleft at the 

 back; five stamens, with distinct anthers 

 cohering before expansion ; and a simple 

 style, the stigma with a cup-shaped indu- 

 sium. The capsule is two rarely four- 

 celled. Herbaceous plants, or a few of 

 them small shrubs, with alternate entire 

 or toothed leaves, sometimes covered with 

 white silky down, and axillary or terminal 

 flowers usually yellow, rarely blue or pur- 

 plish. Natives of Australia, Tasmania, and 

 New Zealand ; one species, G. repem, being 

 also found in South America. [R. H.J 



GOODIA. A genus of the pea family, 

 consisting of three species, two of which 

 are common to Tasmania and South-East- 



