QLfyz Crcagttry at Matmw. 



[gull 



bitter substance, obtained from guarana, 

 nearly identical with theine and caffeine. 



GFAREA. The vernacular name, in Cuba, 

 of a meliaceous tree, the flowers of which 

 are in axillary clusters, with the stamens 

 united into a cylindrical or somewhat 

 prismatic tube, the free margin of which is 

 entire or slightly waved, the anthers being 

 enclosed within it. The ovary is four- 

 celled, placed on a stalk-like disk, and the 

 capsule is four-valved, with four or eight 

 seeds. The trees of this genus are more or 

 less purgative and emetic in their effects. 

 G. irichilioides and other species have a 

 musk-like perfume. Some of them present 

 a peculiarity in the growth of their leaves 

 which are pinnate ; after a while the lower 

 leaflets fall, and young ones grow at the 

 end of the same leaf-stalk, which elon- 

 gates, the lower older portion becoming 

 woody, with an outer bark and a semblance 

 of pith within— assuming in fact the cha- 

 racters of a branch. [M. T. MJ 



GUATTERIA. A genus of Anonacece, 

 named in honour of an Italian botanist, 

 and consisting of trees or shrubs with la- 

 teral or terminal inflorescence. The flowers 

 have six petals in two rows, flat oblong or 

 linear, and all of the same form , and the 

 carpels are distinct, each containing a single 

 erect seed. G. virgatais said to yield some 

 of the light wood used by coachbuilders 

 under the name of Lancewood : see also 

 Duguetia. G. longifolia is an ornamental 

 tree, commonly planted by roadsides in 

 Bengal. G. suberosa, which has cork-like 

 bark, is a native of Ceylon and various 

 parts of India. [M. T. M.] 



GUAVA. Psidium pyriferum, pomiferum, 

 &c. 



GU AZA. The narcotic tops of the Indian 

 hemp, Cannabis sativa indica. 



GUAZCMA. A genus of shrubs or small 

 trees of the Byttneria family, nearly allied 

 to Theobroma, but differing in their woody 

 tubercular fruits of the size of a hazel-nut, 

 the entire instead of two-lobed appendage 

 at the ends of the petals, and in their whole 

 appearance. They are found in the East 

 Indies and the islands of Eastern Africa, 

 but are most frequent in tropical America. 

 The leaves are like those of the elm, and 

 their small white pink or yellow flowers are 

 borne in axillary cymes. G. tomentosa is 

 common in India and America. The French 

 colonists in the West Indies call it Orme 

 d'Amerique, from its resemblance to the 

 elm. According to M'Padyen, it grows in 

 Jamaica to a height of twenty to twenty- 

 five feet, and is allowed to grow in pasture 

 ' lands, not only for the sake of its shade, 

 but because the cattle feed and thrive on 

 : the foliage and fruit. The latter, coarsely 

 bruised, are given to horses as a substitute 

 j for corn, their nutritive properties being 

 '■ attributed to the mucilage which abounds 

 i in them, and also in the inner bark. This 

 I mucilage is given out abundantly on in- 

 i fusion or decoction in water, and, accord- 

 i ing to the same authority, has been em- 



' ployed as a substitute for gelatine or 



I albumen, in clarifying cane juice in the 



I manufacture of sugar. A like infusion is 



| given internally as a remedy for cutaneous 



I diseases. The timber is light, splits readily, 



! and is employed for the staves of sugar 



.' hogsheads. The plant is known by the 



| name of Bastard Cedar to English colonists 



in Jamaica. A strong fibre is obtained 



from the young shoots of the same species 



in India. Cord made from it was found by 



Dr. Roxburgh to break at 100 lbs. when dry, 



and at HO lbs. when wet. [A. A. B.J 



I GUEDE. (Fr.) Isatis tinctoria.. 



GUEPES VEGETANTES. A name ap- 

 plied to a species of wasp in the West 

 Indies, when affected by Gordiceps spheco- 

 cephala. The parasite has a long, cylindri- 

 cal curved stem with a club-shaped head, 

 and at length weighs down and kills the 

 ' wasp. The accounts of earlier observers, 

 j Avho affirmed that they had seen the wasps 

 flying about with their heavy burden, were 

 I long disbelieved, but they have been con- 

 firmed by more recent authorities. The 

 | fungus does not seem to fructify till after 

 | the death of the insect. We have at least 

 I seen no perfect individuals. [M. J. B.] 



| GUERNESIENNE. (Fr.) Nerine sarni- 

 ; ensis. 



j GUETTARDA. A genus of shrubs or 

 small trees, natives of tropical America 

 and Asia, and belonging to the Cinchona- 



, ceai. The corolla is salver-shaped, with a 

 cylindrical tube, and a limb divided into 



! four to nine oblong segments ; anthers 

 four to nine, sessile, concealed within the 

 corolla ; ovary with from four to nine com- 

 partments, each containing a single erect 

 ovule. The fruit is succulent, with a bony 

 four to nine-celled stone. [M T. M.] 



GUEULE DE LION, or DE LOUP. (Fr.) 

 Antirrhinum majus. 



GUI. (Fr.) Viecum album. 



GUIGNE ROUGE, or GUIGNIER. (Fr.) 

 Cerasus avium. 



GUILANDIJSTA. A small genus of legu- 

 minous plants found in nearly every tropi- 

 cal country, particularly upon the sea- 

 shore, its extensive distribution being 

 caused by the transportation of its seeds 

 (which have an exceedingly hard impervi- 

 ous shell) from one country to another by 

 means of oceanic currents. There are three 

 or four species, which form prickly trail- 

 ing shrubs ten or twelve feet or more in 

 height, having twice pinnated leaves, the 

 stalks covered with short down and bear- 

 ing recurved prickles on the under side. 

 The flowers are of a rusty yellow colour, 

 and are borne in racemes ; they have a five- 

 parted calyx with a short t ube, and a corolla 

 of five nearly equal-sized petals, the sta- 

 mens being ten in number, distinct, and 

 hairy at the base. The pods, which are 

 about two or three inches long, flattened, 

 but bulged out in the centre, and covered 

 with prickles, contain one, two, or three 

 large bony seeds. G. Bouduc has solitary 



