hens] 



EIjs Crsatfttrj? of 2Sfltang> 



582 



they are free on the other. The calyx is 

 small and five-parted ; the corolla two-lip- 

 ped, the upper lip deeply bifid, and the lower 

 cut into two spathulate lobes. [W. C.J 



HENSCHELIA. The name applied to a 

 shrub, native of the Philippine Islands, and 

 of uncertain position. It is of climbing 

 habit with trifoliolate leaves, greenish 

 flowers in axillary panicles; calyx of ten 

 sepals in two rows; petals ten; stamens 

 five, placed in front of the five outer sepals ; 

 ovary one-celled, with two ovules ; stigmas 

 five radiating. By Miers it is placed in the 

 order Phytocrenacece. [M. T. M.J 



HEN'SFOOT. Caucalis daucoides. 



HENSLOVIACEiE, HENSLOVIA. A na- 

 tural order and a genus of calycifloral dico- 

 tyledons, belonging to Lindley's saxifragal 

 alliance of perigynous Exogens. Trees 

 with opposite entire leathery exstipulate 

 leaves, and minute dioecious racemose 

 flowers. Perianth five-parted, lined with a 

 woolly disk, the aestivation valvate ; sta- 

 mens five, alternate with the segments of 

 the perianth, inserted on a glandular 

 perigynous disk; ovary superior, two-cell- 

 ed ; ovules numerous, anatropal. Fruit 

 a capsule opening by two valves ; seeds 

 numerous, minute, exalbuminous. They 

 are natives of the tropical parts of India. 

 There are three or four species of Hens- 

 lovia, the only known genus, which was 

 named after the late Professor Henslow of 

 Cambridge. [J. H. B.J 



HENSLOVIAN MEMBRANE. The cu- 

 ticle ; so called because Professor Henslow 

 was one of its discoverers. 



HENSLOWIA. A genus of Santalacece, 

 having monoecious flow rs, the perianth 

 adherent to the ovary, with a live-cleft 

 limb ; and the stamens inserted at the base 

 of the segments of the perianth, and 

 shorter than them, with awl-shaped fila- 

 ments, and introrse two-celled anthers. 

 The ovary is inferior, unilocular, covered 

 by a disk, and containing two pendulous 

 ovules. Fruit drupaceous, one-seeded. 

 Shrubby plants of the Indian Archipelago, 

 with alternate nearly sessile leaves, and 

 small greenish flowers. There are eight 

 known species. [J. H. B.J 



HEN WARE. Alaria esculenta. 



HEP, or HIP. The fruit of the Dog Rose, 

 Rosa canina. 



HEPATICA. A subgenus or section of 

 Anemone, marked by having the carpels 

 without tails, and the involucre of three 

 simple leaves close to the flower so as to 

 resemble a calyx. The common H. triloba of 

 gardens is a native of continental Europe. 

 In a wild state the flowers are generally 

 blue, more rarely rose-colour or white, but 

 in cultivation many other tints are to be 

 found. The three-lobed leaves were 

 fancied to resemble the liver— whence the 

 name. [J. T. S.J 



HEP A.TTC.E. The cryptogams belonging 

 to this curious section, known popularly 



under the name of Liverworts, though 

 confounded with lichens, differ from the 

 mosses, to which they are closely allied, in 

 their capsule, whether opening definitely 

 or indefinitely, never having a distinct lid, 

 and consequently in the total absence of a 

 peristome. In many genera there is no 

 stem, but the leafy shoots are replaced by 

 an expanded membranous frond which 

 may be quite simple or repeatedly forked, 

 while it is sometimes irregularly lobed or 

 laciniate. Sometimes it is crisped and 

 plicate, and sometimes furnished with gill- 

 like plates above. Below it is generally 

 attached to a substance on which it grows 

 by slender delicate rootlets. In the leafy 

 species, the leaves have rarely the same 

 lanceolate outline so common in mosses, 

 and they are often accompanied by stipules 

 or lobes which give them a habit which is 

 very distinct from that of most mosses, 

 though the Hi/popten/gii amongst them 

 show something of the same structure. 

 The section comprises three distinct na- 

 tural orders as follows : — 



1. Ricciacei, in which the capsules are 



valveless, and either sunk in the 

 frond or seated on its surface. The 

 spores are not mixed with the spiral 

 threads called elaters. 



2. March ANTiACEi.with valvate capsules 



seated on the under side of a stalked 

 target-shaped disk. Spores mixed 

 with elaters. 



3. Jungermanniacei, with solitary 



fruit splitting into four equal valves. 

 Spores mixed with elaters. 



The development of the fruit and the 

 manner of impregnation are the same in 

 these as in mosses. They are also exten- 

 sively propagated by gemma?. [M. J. B.J 



HEPATICUS. Dull brown with a little 

 yellow. 



HEPATIQUE. (Fr.) Marchantia. — 

 BLANCHE. Parnassia palustris. — DES 

 JARDINS. Eepatica triloba. — DOREE. 

 A common name applied to several species 

 of Saxi/raga. — ETOILEE. Marchantia 

 polymorpha; also Asperula odorata. — 

 PRINTANIERE. Eepatica triloba. 



HEPTA. In Greek composition = seven. 



HERACLEUM. A genus of umbellifers, 

 distinguished by having the fruit com- 

 pressed from the back, each half of it with 

 three dorsal slender ribs, and one at each 

 marginal line, one oil-vessel in each fur- 

 row, and generally two in the commissure. 



The generic name is derived from Her- 

 cules, probably in reference to the proper- 

 ties of some, or the size of others. The 

 number of described species is consider- 

 able, and they are somewhat difficult to 

 distinguish. They are widely diffused, 

 occurring in different parts of India, in 

 Europe and America. Several have been 

 long known in cultivation, but are not 

 possessed of any very special recommenda- 

 tions. One species has of late years been 

 a very general object of culture on account 

 of its large size and commanding appear- 



