hers] 



Cfje t£r?agurj? at 3Sntang. 



586 



Asparageaz, but in structure resembling the 

 Anthericece. They are undershrubs found 

 in Brazil and Chili, with tuberous root- 

 stock, climbing stems, whorled-fascicled 

 lanceolate or linear leaves, and small 

 scented flowers in many-flowered axillary 

 racemes. The perianth is herbaceous, six- 

 parted, persistent ; the stamens six ; the 

 capsule membranaceous, three-winged, and 

 three-celled. [J. T. s.] 



HERSCHBLTA ccelestis is the name of a 

 terrestrial orchid of South Africa, with a 

 stem a foot high, bearing at the base a 

 number of narrow grassy leaves, and end- 

 ing in a raceme of pretty flowers an inch 

 across and of an intense sky-blue colour 

 —therefore most appropriately named by 

 Dr. Lindley in honour of Sir John Her- 

 schel, the celebrated astronomer. The 

 upper sepal is helmet-shaped, spurred near 

 the base, larger than the lower ones, and 

 hiding the petals. The beak is trilobed, 

 and between it and the anthers is a curious 

 forked linear appendage. [A. A. BJ 



HESPERANTHA. A genus of Cape 

 Tridacece closely allied to Ixia, the species 

 remarkable for expanding their sweet- 

 scented flowers in the evening— whence 

 the name. They are bulb-tuberous plants 

 with sword-shaped leaves ; and the flowers, 

 which grow in loose spikes, have a long- 

 tubed hypocrateriform perianth with six 

 equal spreading limb-segments, three sta- 

 mens inserted in the perianth tube, and 

 three stigmas, which are elongate narrow- 

 linear and conduplicate. The flowers are 

 mostly white, sometimes stained outside 

 with some dark colour. [T. M.] 



HESPERIDE.E. A name given by Lin- 

 naeus to a natural order comprising the 

 genera Citrus, Styrax, and Garcinia. It has 

 sometimes been applied to the orange 

 family. Endlicher gives the name Iles- 

 perides to one of his classes embracing the 

 orders Humiriaccce, Olacinece, Aurantiacece, 

 Meliacece, and Cedrelacece. It is thus de- 

 fined :— Trees or shrubs with alternate 

 exstipulate usually compound leaves. Ca- 

 lyx free, imbricate in aestivation; corolla 

 with petals equal in number to the seg- 

 ments of the calyx, valvate or convolute in 

 aestivation ; stamens twice or four times 

 the number of the petals, free, monadel- 

 phous or polyadelphous ; carpels numerous, 

 united into a one or many-celled ovary; 

 ovules solitary or many, usually anatropal ; 

 embyro very often exalbuminous ; coty- 

 ledons mostly fleshy. [J. H. BJ 



HESPERIDIUM. A many-celled superior 

 indehiscent fruit, pulpy within, and co- 

 vered by a separable rind ; as the orange. 



HESPERIS. The Rocket, a genus of 

 Crucifera\ belonging to the section having 

 the radicle of the seed bent over the back 

 of one of the flat cotyledons. It is dis- 

 tinguished from Malcolmia by the blunt 

 not sharp-pointed lobes of the stigma at 

 the end of the long cylindrical pod. They are 

 biennial or annual (rarely perennial) herbs 

 with somewhat the habit of the stock, but 



usually with less stellate pubescence. The 

 I flowers are large, purple, lilac, white, or 

 dirty yellow ; in some of the species sweet- 

 | scented in the evening, whence the generic 

 name. The common garden Rocket, or 

 Dame's Violet, is H. matronalis, a native 

 of Europe, but probably not indigenous to 

 Britain ; many varieties exist in cultivation, 

 with white, purple, variegated, or double 

 flowers. [J. T. S.] 



HESPEROMELES. The name of a few 

 shrubs or trees of considerable size be- 

 longing to the Pomacece, and found at 

 elevations of eight to thirteen thousand 

 feet on the Andes of Peru and New Gre- 

 nada. They have alternate stalked coria- 

 ceous ovate or oblong leaves, and white 

 or pink flowers much like those of the 

 hawthorn in size and disposition. From 

 this genus they chiefly differ in the ovaries, 

 five in number, having each but one in- 

 stead of two ovules. The fruits are also 

 like those of the hawthorn. H. lanuginosa 

 grows to a large tree in New Grenada ; Mr. 

 Purdie remarks that it forms the entire 

 forest, beginning at ten thousand and 

 reaching to fourteen thousand feet, or 

 near the perpetual snow limit. Jlespero- 

 meles signifies Western Apple. [A. A. BJ 



HESPEROSCORDON. A genus of Li- 

 liacew, differing from Brodiwa by having 

 all the six stamens anther-bearing, and the 

 ovary sessile. They are herbs found in 

 western North America, having much the 

 habit of some species of Allium, and with 

 large white or bluish flowers. [J. T. S.] 



HESSEA. A small genus of Amarijllida- 

 cece, characterised by having a bifid spathe, 

 a short-tubed regular-limbed perianth, 

 equal subulate filaments becoming reflex- 

 ed and bearing short anthers, a filiform 

 style, and a trifld fimbriated stigma. It 

 is represented by the Amaryllis stellaris of 

 Jacquin. The name Hessea has also been 

 given to the genus Carpolyza. [T. M.] 



HETiERIA. A small Australian marsh 

 plant, belonging to the Philydracece, and 

 differing from Philydrum by its kidney- 

 shaped anther lobes, its central placenta 

 ultimately detached from the three valves 

 of the capsule, and by its smooth seeds. 

 H. pygmcea is a small rush-like plant with 

 a spike of flowers of a yellow colour and 

 invested by bracts. [M. T. M.] 



HETERANTHERA. A genus of Pontede- 

 racea?, consisting of small aquatic herbs 

 with roundish long-stalked or linear leaves, 

 and one or two small white or blue flowers 

 produced from a spathe in the axil of a 

 sheathing leaf-stalk. The perianth is sal- 

 ver-shaped, with a long slender tube and 

 a spreading six-lobed limb. H. reniformis, 

 the Mud Plantain, with roundish kidney- 

 shaped leaves and white flowers, is not un- 

 frequent by the muddy banks of streams 

 in the Southern United States. [J. T. S.] 



HETEROCARYUM. A genus of Bnra- 

 ginacew, natives of temperate Asia, resem- 

 bling OmphcUodes, but having the calyx 

 segments caducous, the column of styles 



