May, 1893.] SHRUBS OF THE DEATH VALLEY EXPEDITION. 295 



east, the whole country being too high and tbe Lower Sonoran zone 

 here reaching - its northern limit for this part of Nevada. 



Grapevine Canon.— Larrea, comes up solid through Grapevine Canon 

 from Death Valley, almost, but not quite, reaching Sarcobatus Flat, 

 where it does not grow* On a southwest slope on the south side of 

 Gold Mountain it attains an altitude of 1,620 or 1,650 meters (5,300 to 

 5,400 feet). 



Indian Spring Valley. — Larrea completely covers Indian Spring Val- 

 ley, here reaching its northern limit at the base of the low range of 

 mountains which forms the northern boundary of the valley. In the 

 north arm of Indian Spring Valley it reaches northward a little be- 

 yond Quartz Spring to an altitude of 1,525 meters (5,000 feet), or even 

 a little higher on favorable slopes. It was still in flower in Indian Spring- 

 Valley May 29, and in fruit in the Amargosa country at the same date. 

 It does not occur in Timpahute Valley. 



Pahranagat Valley. — Common on the gravel benches and slopes of 

 the southern half of the valley, but not evenly distributed. It reaches 

 Pahranagat Valley from the south*, coming up from the Muddy Valley 

 through the broad canon south of Pahranagat Lake and passing over 

 the low divide (1,160 meters or 3,800 feet), whence it spreads north- 

 ward over the low gravel slopes, becoming less abundant and more 

 scattering until at an altitude of 1,250 to 1,280 meters (4,100 to 4,200 

 feet) it is found on south shrpes only. It occurs in isolated patches in 

 the broad wash leading into the valley from Pahroc Plain,. where it has 

 a southwest slope exposure, as high as 1,340 meters (4,400 feet). On the 

 west side of the valley (east slope of Pahranagat Mountains) it is com- 

 mon about as far north as the middle of the valley, stopping, except in 

 struggling patches, about 16 kilometers (10 miles) south of the latitude 

 of Eisemann's ranch. It was still in full flower May 22-26. 



Palirump Valley. — Scarce on the west side of the valley and absent 

 from the extensive clay flat in the bottom, but abundant everywhere 

 on the long gravel slope on the east side, ranging up the west slope of 

 the Charleston Mountains to 1,340 meters (4,400 feet), where it overlaps 

 the tree yuccas. 



Vegas Valley. — Abundant, covering the gravel soil of the whole valley 

 and ranging up on the west side to 1,130 meters (3,700 feet), at the east 

 foot of the Charleston Mountains. 



Bend of Colorado and Muddy Mountains. — Common on suitable soils 

 throughout the region bordering the Great Bend of the Colorado, and 

 passing abundantly over the low summits of the Muddy Mountains west 

 of the Virgin Valley. 



Valley of the Virgin and Lower Muddy. — Abundant on suitable soil 

 throughout these valleys and over the high gravel mesa between them, 

 where it is the dominant bush along the boundary between Nevada and 

 Arizona. 



It does not reach northward as far as Meadow Creek Valley. 



