May, 1893.] TREES OF THE DEATH VALLEY EXPEDITION. 333 



Alnus rhombifolia. 



This alder, which grows to be a large tree, 9 meters (30 feet) or more 

 in height, with a tall compact trunk, is common in the valley of the 

 Kern Kiver, on the west side of the Sierra in California. 



Quercus undulata. 



• This evergreen scrub oak was found in the following localities: 



NEVADA. 



Charleston Mountains. — Common in scattered patches near Mountain 

 Spring, and down on the west slope to 1,520 meters (5,000 feet). 



Juniper Mountains. — Common in places in the juniper between 

 Panaca, Nevada, and Shoal Creek, Utah. 



UTAH. 



Upper Santa Clara Valley. — Found in patches in the Upper Santa 

 Clara Valley, beginning about 13 kilometers (8 miles) northwest of St. 

 George, at an altitude of about 1,275 meters (4,200 feet) and ranging 

 northward through Diamond Valley to the Upper Santa Clara Cross- 

 ing and Mountain Meadows. 



• Beaver dam Mountains. — Occurs in places on the east slope between 

 1,100 and 1,300 meters (3,600 to 4,600 feet). 



Quercus gambelii. 



The Desert Eange scrub oak was found in the following localities : 



NEVADA. 



Juniper Mountains.— Fo\\vl(\. sparingly from Shoal Creek, Utah, across 

 the Juniper Mountain Plateau in eastern Nevada. 



UTAH. 



Mountain Meadows. — Common in scattered patches from the Upper 

 Santa Clara Crossing northward to and beyond Mountain Meadows. 



Quereus lobata. 



The white oak is common in the Canada de las Uvas, California, par- 

 ticularly on the grounds immediately about Old Fort Tejon, where it 

 grows to a great and unusual size. Many trees near the old fort meas- 

 ure 6 meters (20 feet) or more in Circumference a me4er or more (3 or 4 

 feet) above the ground, and one measures 8 meters (26 feet 4 inches). 

 A colony of purple martens (Progne subis liesperia) was found breed- 

 ing in holes high up in these oaks at the time of our visit, the last week 

 in June, 1891. Quercus lobata is common also about the borders of 

 Tehachapi Valley. One we measured near summit, in the west end of 

 the valley, was about 2 meters (6 feet) in diameter 2 meters (6 feet) above 

 ground (circumference 5.8 meters or 19 feet 1 inch). 



Quercus douglasii. 



The blue oak is common in Kern Valley and thence southerly along 

 the west slope of the Sierra Nevada to Walker Basin and Caliente. 

 Between the two last-mentioned localities it forms open groves on the 



