Mat, 1893.] SHRUBS OP THE DEATH VALLEY EXPEDITION. 335 



Salix nigra. 



This large and handsome willow tree is common about the large 

 springs at the two ranches in Pahrump Valley, Nevada. 



Other tree willows (species not determined) were found about the 

 ranches in Pahranagat Valley, Nevada; along streams on the west side 

 of Owens Valley, California, in Kern River Valley, and in the lower 

 part of the Canada de las Uvas, below Old Fort Tejon. 



Populus fremontii. 



Cottonwood trees grow along some of the permanent water courses 

 of the desert region and are often jdanted along irrigation ditches in 

 the settlements. They were found at the following localities: 



CALIFORNIA. 



Kern Valley. — Common along the river. 



Mohave Desert. — Common along the Mohave River near Victor, and 

 in a few other places. 



Pahranagat Valley. — Common. 



Pahrump Valley.— Common about the large springs. 

 Vegas Valley. — Common at Vegas Spring and ranch. 

 Valley of the Virgin and Muddy. — Very abundant along the streams 

 in the Mormon settlements of St. Thomas, Bunkerville, and St. Joe. 



ARIZONA. 



Beaverdam Creelt. — Abundant, forming a large forest on the flats 

 bordering Beaverdam Creek, near its junctiou with the Virgin. 



UTAH. 



Santa Clara Valley. — Common along the Santa Clara and Virgin 

 rivers. 



Ephedra nevadensis. 



This Lower Sonoran species differs conspicuously from the green 

 species of the mountains {Ephedra viridis) by its olive color. It is com- 

 mon in many of the desert valleys and was noted in the following lo- 

 calities : 



CALIFORNIA. 



Mohave Desert. — Common, reaching west as far as Willow Spring, in 

 Antelope Valley. 



Tehachapi Valley. — Tolerably common, coming up from the Mohave 

 Desert through the open canon leading up from near Mohave. Found 

 also in Tehachapi Pass. 



Walker Pass. — On the east slope of Walker Pass the olive Ephedra 

 runs up to 1,430 meters (4,700 feet), where it disappears and the green 

 species (E. viridis) begins. 



Kern Valley. — Observed at about 820 meters (2,700 feet). 



