646 



ORNITHOLOGY 



Birds of 



Kurope. 



Parus cyanus, Pall. 

 P. caeruleus, Linn. 

 P. ater, Linn. 

 P. palustris, Linn. 

 P. cristatus, Linn. 

 P. caudatus, Linn. 

 Calamophilus biarmicus, ^ 

 Leach. / 

 CEgithalus pendulinus, Vig. 

 Bombycivoragarrula,Temm. Waxen Chatterer, 

 Alauda tartarica, Pall. 



Azure Tit. 

 Blue Tit. 

 Cole Tit. 

 Marsh Tit. 

 Crested Tit. 

 Lon"-tailed Tit. 



Bearded Tit, or Reed Bird. 

 Penduline Tit. 



Calandra Lark. 

 Short-toed Lark. 



A. calandra, Pall. 



A. brachydactyla, ) 



Teram. / 



A. alpestris, Linn. 



A. cristata, Linn. 



A. arvensis, Linn. 



A. arborea, Linn. 



Certhilauda bifasciata. 

 Plectrophanes Lapponica, } 

 Selb. J" 

 PI. niva!is,Meyer. Snow-Bunting 



Garrulus glandarius, Briss. 

 G. infaustus, Temm. 



Pica caudata, Ray. 

 P. cyanea, Wagl. 

 Pyrrhocorax Pyrrhocorax, 1 

 Temm. J 



Fregilus graculus, Cuv. 

 Corvus corax, Linn. 

 C. corone, Linn. 



C. cornix, Linn. 



C. monedula, Linn. 



C. frugilegus, Linn. 



Picus martius, Linn, 

 viridis, Linn. 



Shore-Lark. 

 Crested Lark. 

 Sky-Lark. 

 Wood- Lark. 

 Bifasciated Lark. 



Lark-heeled Bunting. 



Emberiza miliaria, Linn. 



melanocephala, 1 

 Scop. J 



citrinella, Linn, 

 aureola, Pall, 

 cirlus, Linn, 

 hortulana, Linn, 

 rustica, Pall, 

 lesbia. 

 cia, Linn, 

 pithyornus, Pall, 

 caesia, Cretz. 

 palustris, Savi. 



E. 



E. 



E. 



£•. 



E. 



E. 



E. 



E. 



E. 



E. 



E. schceniculus,Linn. Reed-Bunting. 



Pyrgita domestica, Cuv. Common Sparrow, 



P. montana, Cuv. Tree-Sparrow. 



P. Hispaniolensis, Cuv. Spanish Sparrow. 



Common Bunting. 



Black-headed Bunting. 



Yellow Bunting. 

 Yellow-breasted Bunting. 

 Cirl Bunting. 

 Ortolan Bunting. 

 Rustic Bunting. 

 Lesbian Bunting. 

 Meadow-Bunting. 

 Pine-Bunting. 

 Cretzschmar's Bunting. 

 Marsh-Bunting. 



P. cisalpina, Cuv. 



P. petronia. 



Fringilla ccclebs, Linn. 

 F. 



Alpine Sparrow. 

 Doubtful Sparrow. 

 Chaffinch. 



mohtifringilla 

 Linn. 

 F. nivalis, Linn. 



F. ? hyemalis. 



Linaria cannabina, Swains. 



L. montana, Ray. 



L. canescens. 



L. minor, Ray. 



Serinus flavescens. 



Carduelis elegans, Steph. 



C. spinus, Steph. 



C. citrinella. 



Coccothraustes vulgaris, 1 T i r , 

 t? . ' > Hawfinch. 

 Briss. J 



C. chloris, Flem. Green Grosbeak. 



Loxia pityopsittacus, Bechst.Parrot Crossbill. 



L. curvirostra, Linn. Common Crossbill. 



L. leucoptera, Gmel. White-winged Crossbill. 



Corythus enucleator, Cuv. Pine Grosbeak. 



C. longicauda. Siberian Grosbeak. 



Erythrospiza erythrina, Bon. Scarlet Grosbeak. 



Mountain or Bramble Finch. 



Snow-Finch. 



Winter-Finch. 



Common or Brown Linnet. 



Mountain Linnet or Twite. 



Mealy Redpole. 



Lesser Redpole. 



Serin Finch. 



Goldfinch. 



Siskin or Aberdevine. 



Citril Finch. 



E. rosea. 



E. githaginea. 



Pyrrhula vulgaris, Temm. 

 Sturnus vulgaris, Linn. 

 S. unicolor, Marm. 



Pastor roseus, Temm. 

 Nucifraga caryocatactes, \ 

 Briss. J" 



Rosy Grosbeak. 

 Vinous Grosbeak. 

 Bullfinch. 

 Starling. 



Sardinian Starling. 

 Rose-coloured Pastor. 



Nut-cracker. 



P. 

 P. 



P. 

 P. 

 P. 

 P. 



canus, Gmel. 



leuconotus, Bechst. 

 major, Linn. 



medius, Linn. 



minor, Linn. 

 Apterous tridactylus, Swains, 

 Yunx torquilla, Linn. 

 Sitta Europoea, Linn. 

 S. Syriaca, Ehrenb. 

 S. Asiatica, Temm. 

 Certhia familiaris, Linn. 

 Upupa epops, Linn. 

 Tichodroma phcenicopte-7 

 ra, Temm. J 



Cuculus canorus, Linn. 

 C. glandarius, Linn. 



Coccyzus Americanus, Vieill 



Jay. 



Siberian Jay. 

 Magpie. 

 Azure-winged Magpie. 



Alpine Chough. 



Chough. 



Raven. 



Carrion Crow. 



Hooded Crow. 



Jackdaw. 



Rook. 



Great Black Woodpecker. 



Green Woodpecker. 



Gray-headed Green Wood- 

 pecker. 

 White-rumped Woodpecker. 

 Great Spotted Woodpecker. 

 Middle Spotted Woodpecker. 

 Lesser Spotted Woodpecker. 

 . Three-toed Woodpecker. 

 Wryneck. 



Common Nuthatch. 

 Dalmatian Nuthatch. 

 Asiatic Nuthatch. 

 Common Creeper. 

 Hoopoe. 



Wall-Creeper. 



Common Cuckoo. 

 Great Spotted Cuckoo. 

 . American Cuckoo. 



Bird? of 

 Kurope* 



Order III. — Rasores. 



Columba palumbus, Linn. 

 C. CEnas, Linn. 



C. livia, Linn. 



C. turtur, Linn. 



Phasianus colchichus, Linn. 



Tetrao urogallus, Linn. 



T. hybridus, Sparrm. 



T. tetrix, Linn. 



Bonasia Europeea. 

 Lagopus Scoticus, Lath. 

 L. mutus, Leach. 



L. rupestris, Leach. 



L. saliceti, Swains. 



L. brachydactylus. 



Pterocles arenarius, Temm. 

 P. setarius, Temm. 



Francolinus vulgaris, Briss. 

 Perdix rubra, Ray. 

 P. petrosa, Lath. 



P. saxatilis, Meyer. 



P. cinerea, Lath. 



Coturnix dactylisonans, 1 

 Meyer. J 



Hemipodius tachydromus, I 

 Temm. j 

 Glareola torquata, Briss. 

 Cursorius Isabellinus, Meyer. 

 Otis tarda, Linn. 

 O. houbara, Linn. 

 O. tetrax. 



Order IV.— 



Grus cinerea, Bechst. 

 G. leucogeranus, Temm 

 Anthropoides virgo, Vieill. 

 Ardea cinerea, Lath. 



Wood-Pigeon. 

 Stock-Dove. 

 Rock-Dove. 

 Turtle-Dove. 

 Common Pheasant. 



Capercailzie, or Cock of 

 the Wood. 

 Hybrid Grouse. 

 Black Grouse. 



Hazel Grouse, or Gelinotte. 

 Red Grouse. 

 Common Ptarmigan. 

 Rock Ptarmigan. 

 Willow Ptarmigan. 

 Short-toed Ptarmigan. 

 Sand-Grouse. 

 Pin-tailed Sand-Grouse. 

 European Francolin. 

 Red-legged Partridge. 

 Barbary Partridge. 

 Greek Partridge. 

 Common Partridge. 



Quail. 



Andalusian Turnix. 



Collared Pratincole. 

 Cream-coloured Courser. 

 Great Bustard. 

 Ruffed Bustard. 

 Little Bustard. 



■Grallatores. 



Common Crane. 

 White Crane. 

 Numidian Demoiselle. 

 Common Heron. 



