34 ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



superiorly it is finely serrated, but very coarsely so at its angle, some serrations are also continued along its 

 lower limb. Interopercular knob distinct. Teeth — moderate-sized canines in the premaxillaries, an outer row 

 of curved conical teeth in either jaw : villiform ones in a ^-form on the vomer, in a band on the palatines, but 

 none on the tongue. Fins — dorsal spines rather strong, the fourth the longest and one-fourth higher than the 

 rays : soft portion of the fin rounded, half as high as its base is long. Pectoral as long as the head and reaching 

 to above the anal spines : ventral does not reach the vent. Second anal spine stronger and usually rather longer 

 than the third (it is sometimes slightly shorter), which equals the length of the postorbital portion of the head, 

 anterior rays the highest and as long as the entire base of the fin, its lower edge slightly convex : caudal 

 emarginate. Scales — in oblique rows above the lateral-line and in horizontal ones below it : sis or eight rows 

 across the cheeks, whilst superiorly they extend as far forwards as to above the front edge of the e} r e : none 

 on the preorbital, except in large specimens, but I possess one nine inches long that has several rows there. 

 Co lours— yellowish-brown superiorly becoming yellowish- white inferiorly. Four bright blue black-edged and 

 slightly sinuous bands pass from the orbit across the opercles, the superior to about the ninth dorsal spine, the 

 second to the fourth dorsal ray, the third to behind the last dorsal ray, and the fourth to rather below the 

 centre of the base of the caudal. Pins yellowish, the dorsal with a dark edge and a light outer margin. 



Bleeker observes that three species have the upper surface of the head scaled, the vomerine teeth in a 

 A-form, a deep preopercular emargination and an edentulous tongue. They are as follows, and may be thus 

 divided for convenience sake : — 



Lutianus Bengalensis, D. £§•:-££, L. r - ii'-H., L - tr. 8-9/20-21, Caec. pyl. 0. 



Lutianus quinguelinearis, D. ^i-Tai li- r - tf-io'j L. tr. 6-7/18-19, Case. pyl. 5. 



Lutianus Amboinensis, D. xf : Ti> Ii. r. |-f, L. tr. 7-8/17-18, Ceec. pyl. ?. 



Bennett, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 182, briefly describes a fish as Biacope spilura, from Ceylon : D. \\, A. f . 

 Five parallel red lines on either side ; the second and third go from the eye, the fourth from the axilla, the fifth 

 from the angle of the mouth : a large black spot before the base of the caudal fin ■ spinous portion of the 

 dorsal with a black base and outer edge. It is stated to be affined to D. octolineata. 



Specimens under the name of Genyoroge notata, in the British Museum, have D. ±±, A. §, L. r. Bf ££°, 

 L. tr. 9/. Eyes — diameter 3^ in the length of the head, 1 diameter from the end of snout, and 3/4 of a diameter 

 apart. Scales over suborbital, and a few on preorbital. The second anal spine equals half the length of the 

 head. They are coloured as in this species. 



Habitat. — Red Sea, seas of India, to the Malay Archipelago, and beyond ; it attains at least 10 inches in 

 length. 



6. Lutianus fulvus, Plate X, fig. 5. 



Perca fulva, Forst. Mss. p. 193. 

 Holocentncs fidvus, Bl. Schn. p. 318. 

 Biacope fulva, Cuv. and Val. ii, p. 435. 

 Genyoroge fulva, Giinther, Catal. i, p. 184. 



B. to, D. H, P. 17, V. 1/5, A. f, C. 17, L. 1. 51, L. r. ft, L. tr. 9/21. 



Length of head 2/7, of caudal 2/11, height of body 3/10 of the total length. Eyes — -diameter 3§ 

 of the length of head, 1J diameters from the end of snout, and 3/4 of a diameter apart. A considerable rise 

 from the snout to the commencement of the dorsal fin : abdominal profile not so convex as that of the back : 

 thickness of body equal to 4/7 of its height. The maxilla reaches to below the front fourth of the orbit. 

 Vertical limb of preopercle with a very deep emargination and a produced rounded angle, above the notch the 

 limb is serrated, on the angle it becomes almost spinate, whilst a few fine serrations exist on the lower limb. 

 Interopercular knob very well developed in a pyramidal form. Teeth — small curved canines in the upper jaw, 

 an outer rather numerous row of canine-like curved teeth in either jaw, villiform ones in a triangular spot on 

 the vomer, in a band on the palatines, none on the tongue. Fins — dorsal spines strong, increasing in length to 

 the fourth, which equals that of the postorbital portion of the head, or 2| in the height of body, from it they 

 decrease to the last, which is scarcely above two-thirds as high : the soft portion of the fin rounded, the height 

 of the rays being equal to about two-thirds of the highest spine. Pectoral as long as the head, reaching to 

 above the anal spines. Second anal spine much the strongest, third slightly the longest, equalling the second of 

 the dorsal fin, height of the longest rays a little more than that of its entire base : caudal emarginate. Scales — 

 in oblique rows above the lateral-line and in horizontal ones below it. Colours — uniform yellowish-red with a 

 dark spot in the axil : fins yellow : the upper third of the dorsal black with a white margin : caudal also with 

 a black edge and white margin : a dark black mark across the middle of the first third of the anal. 



Habitat. — Audamans, Otaheiti. The specimen figured is upwards of 10 inches in length. 



7. Lutianus Mguttatus, Plate X, fig. 6. 



Serranus Mguttatus, Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 507 ; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 155. 

 Mesoprion lineolatus, Bleeker, Perc. p. 46 (not Ruppell.) 

 Mesoprion Bleekeri, Giinther, Catal. i, p. 208. 

 Lutjanus Bleelceri, Bleeker, Halmah. i, p. 155. 

 Lutjanus biguttatus, Bleeker, Lutjani, p. 32. 



B. vii, D. T i_\ 15 , P. 16, V. 1/5, A. f, C. 17, L. 1. 50, L. r. f± L. tr. 6/15. 



