20 ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



1 6. Serranus corallicola. 



(Kuhl. and v. Hass.) Cuv. and Val. ii, p. 336. 



Serranus altivelioides, Bleeker, Perc. p. 38; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 127; Kner, Novara Fische, p. 23. 



Epinephelus altivelioides, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. Perc. t. xxx, f. 1. 



Epinephelus corallicola, Bleeker, Epineplielini, p. 83. 



B. to, D. T&T, P- 18 > V. 1/5, A. f, C. 17, L. r. ^-hs (Cbbc. pyl. 9, Kner.) 



Length of head from 3f to 3|, height of body 2/7 to nearly 1/4 of total length. Eyes — diameter from 

 4^ to 1/5 in the length of the head, and from 1/2 to 1 diameter apart. The maxilla reaches to below the hind 

 edge of the orbit. Vertical edge of the preopercle serrated, its lower limb and also the sub- and inter-opercles 

 entire : central opercular spine the most developed. Teeth — canines in both jaws. Fins — dorsal spines increase 

 to the third or fourth which are about 2/5 of the height of the body, and 1/5 lower than the rays : pectoral as 

 long as the head without the snout : second anal spine the strongest, a little longer than the third and equal in 

 length to the last in the dorsal fin : caudal rounded. Scales — ctenoid on the body, about 14 rows between the 

 lateral line and the base of the sixth dorsal spine. Colours — greyish-brown covered all over with black spots, 

 soft dorsal, anal, pectoral, and caudal with a light edge. 



Habitat — stated (Kner) to have been taken at Madras, found in the Malay Archipelago. 



17. Serranus salmoides, Plate IV, fig. 3. 

 Holocentrus salmoides, Lacep. iii, pi. 34, fig. 3, iv, p. 346. 

 Serranus salmoides, Cuv. and Val. ii, p. 343. 

 ? Serranus polypodophilus, Bleeker, Perc. p. 37. 



Serranus salmonoides, Giinther, Catal. i, p. 128 ; Klunz. Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien. 1870, p. 682. 

 ? Epinephelus polyphodophilus, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. Perc. t. v. fig. 1, and Epinephelini, p. 101. 



B. to, D. ri_^, P. 18, V. 1/5, A. f, C. 17, L. r. V°o 5 , L. tor. 24/50. 



Length of head 3/10 to 2/7, of caudal 1/6, height of body 4/15 to 1/4 of the total length. Eyes— 

 diameter 2/13 of length of head, 1| to 2 diameters from the end of snout, and lir apart. The interorbital 

 space rather convex : the posterior end of the prasmaxillary extends to behind the level of the front edge of the 

 orbit. The maxilla reaches to rather beyond the posterior edge of the orbit. Preopercle slightly emarginate, 

 serrated along its vertical margin, with five or six denticulations at its angle, lower limb entire, as are also the 

 sub- and inter-opercles. Central opercular spine moderately distinct, the others indistinct. Teeth — small 

 canines in both jaws : an outer enlarged row in the maxilla, and an inner in the mandible larger than the 

 villiform bands. Fins — third dorsal spine one third of the length of the head, they gradually decrease to the 

 last but none are so long as the rays : soft portions of the dorsal and anal fins rounded. Pectoral longer 

 than the ventral, equalling the length of the postorbital portion of the head, it hardly reaches 2/3 of the 

 distance to above the anal spines : second anal spine the strongest, but not so long as the third, which equals . 

 one-fourth to one-fifth of the length of the head : caudal rounded. Scales — cycloid on the head, ctenoid on the 

 body. Colours — dark reddish-brown, having round black spots over the head, body, and fins, those on the head 

 and jaws small. Large blotches or ill-defined bands on the body. In one of Val. specimens, these bands are 

 well marked. 



The specimen figured was captured at the Andaman islands, it is about 12 inches in length. 



Habitat — Red Sea, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. It is not common in India. 



1 8. Serranus semipunctatus. 



Cuv. and Val. ii, p. 341 ; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 114. 



B. vii, D. ii, P. 17, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 17. 



Length of head 3/10, of caudal 4/21, height of body 4/17 of the total length. Eyes — diameter 1/6 of 

 length of head, 1| diameters from end of snout, and 1| apart. Upper surface of head broad and flat. The 

 maxilla reaches to below the hind edge of the orbit. Serrations on preopercle strong, having three coarse 

 teeth at its angle, but not spinate as in S. sexfasciatus. Teeth — moderately sized canines in both jaws, an outer 

 enlarged row in the maxilla, and several irregularly pointed teeth mixed with the villiform ones in the 

 mandible. Fins — dorsal spines moderately strong, increasing in length to the fifth, which equals half the 

 postorbital length of the head, and is not quite so high as the rays : the soft portion of the fin, and also of the 

 anal rather angular : pectoral as long as the postorbital portion of the head, and extending to nearly over the 

 anal spines : ventral not quite so long : third anal spine a little the longest, and equalling the third of the dorsal, 

 the second spine a little the strongest : caudal large, fan-shaped, and equal to the pectoral in size. Colours — 

 body reddish-brown, with six or seven broad darker vertical cross bands : head and first portion of the body, as 

 well as the free portion of the tail, with some small well-marked spots : dorsal and anal yellow, and likewise 

 spotted : ventral grey. 



It has been suggested that Perca septemfasciate, Thunb. (Nov. Ac. Stock. 1793, pi. i, f. 1) is this species ; 

 the specimen figured was obtained in Japan, and Professor Peters was good enough to show me one of Temm. 

 and Schlegel's types of Plectropoma susuhi from Japan, the two being compared appeared to entirely agree, whereas 

 the P. susuhi is evidently distinct from the S. semipunctatus. 



Habitat — Pondicherry, attaining at least 12 inches in length. 



