FAMILY, II— SQUAMIPINNES. 107 



outer narrow black edge and a broader white outer band, followed externally by a yellow margin, the rest of 

 the fins covered with fine dark brown spots : caudal yellow with a black vertical band. 



Habitat. — Ceylon, Zanzibar, and Red Sea. The figure is taken from Bennett's type specimen. 



10. Chsetodon vittatus, Plate XXVII, fig. 5. 



Chcetodon trifasciatus, Lacep. iv, p. 498 ; Mungo Park, Trans. Linn. Soc. fii, p. 34. 



Chcetodon vittatus, Bl. Schn. p. 227 ; Cuv. and Val. vii, p. 34 ; Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiii, Chaetod. 

 p. 18 ; Beechey, Voy. Zool. p. 61, pi. 17, f. 3 ; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 23, and Fische d. Sudsee, p. 41 ; Kner, 

 Novara Fische, p. 100 ; Klunz. Fische d. Roth. Meer, 1870, p. 782. 



Chcetodon austriacus, Riipp. N. W. Fische, p. 30, t. 9, f. 2 (var.). 



B. vi, D. JJhr, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. ^ m C. 18, L. r. *$, L. tr. 5/13. 



Length of head 4/17 to 1/4, of caudal 1/6 to 1/7, height of body 2/3 to 1/2 of the total length. Eyes— 

 diameter 1/3 of length of head, 1 diameter from end of snout, and li apart. Snout obtuse : the maxilla reaches 

 nearly half way to below the front edge of the orbit : preopercle finely serrated. Fins — the soft portion of the 

 dorsal, anal and also of the caudal rounded. Colours — a dark line passes over the snout, separated by a thin white band 

 from the ocular one, which is half as wide as the orbit, and passes to the chest. Another dark line exists parallel 

 to it, with an intermediate fine light one. Body with about fifteen fine dark lines passing backwards. A dark 

 band along the base of the soft dorsal fin, becoming wider over the free portion of the tail : another band along 

 the centre of the soft dorsal. A light yellow band along the base of the anal with a dark one above it, whilst it 

 has a white outer edge. Fins margined with dark and edged with orange. A dark vertical band on the 

 posterior third of the caudal. Ventrals white. 



Habitat. — From the Red Sea to Polynesia. 



11. Chsetodon unimaculatus. 



Bl. p. 1181, t. 201, f. 1 ; Bl. Schn. p. 221 ; Cuv. and Val. vii, p. 72 ; Bleeker, Banda, i, p. 241 ; Giinther, 

 Catal. ii, p. 11. 



B. vi, D. ri-Vs. p - 15, V. 1/5, A. .5^, C. 17, L. 1. 46, L. tr. 8/19, Vert. 10/14. 



Length of head 1/4, of caudal 1/6, height of body about 1/2 of the total length. Eyes — diameter 3| of 

 the length of head, rather above 1 diameter from the end of snout, and lj apart. Lower jaw slightly the longer : 

 the maxilla does not quite reach to below the front edge of the orbit. Preopercle entire. Fins — the dorsal 

 spines strong, increasing in length to about the seventh from whence they slightly decrease, the soft portion of 

 the fin, also of the anal, and the caudal rounded. Colours — yellowish, with a narrow brownish black ocular 

 band descending from just in front of the dorsal fin through the middle of the eye to the angle of the preopercle 

 and on to the chest : a black blotch on the side above the lateral-line* below the last four spines and two first 

 rays : posterior edge of soft dorsal with a narrow black band which is continued over the free portion of the tail 

 on to the hind edge of the anal rays. 



Habitat. — Ceylon, (from whence the above specimen came,) to the Malay Archipelago, attaining at least 

 5 inches in length. 



12. Chsetodon collaris, Plate XXVII, fig. 6. 



Bloch, t. 216, f. 1 ; Gmel. Linn. p. 1263 ; Bl. Schn. p. 223 ; Cuv. and Val. vii, p. 53 ; Bleeker, Cha3tod. 

 p. 19; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 21. 



Chaitodon unifasciatus, Gronov. ed. Gray, p. 69. 



Chcetodon prcetextatus, Cantor, Catal. p. 156, pi. iii ; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 22 ; Day, Fishes of Malabar, 



' B. vi, D. ^_\j, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. „«„, C. 17, L. r. &&, L. tr. 7/15. 



Length of head 2/7, of caudal 2/11, height of body 3/5 in the young to 2/3 in the adult of the total length. 

 Eyes — diameter 1/3 of length of head, 1 diameter from end of snout, and 5/7 apart. The maxilla reaches two- 

 thirds of the distance to below the orbit. A few fine serrations at the angle of the preopercle. Teeth — 

 brush-like. Fins — fifth and sixth dorsal spine the longest : second anal spine the strongest and longer than the 

 third : caudal cut nearly square. Colours — brownish olive, each scale light citron colour in its centre. A bluish- 

 white band passes from in front of the dorsal fin over the opercles and on to the throat, where it expands : a 

 second across the preorbital and over the cheek to the throat : opposite the orbit it gives off another branch 

 which passes to the angle of the mouth and the throat. Another similar line exists on the forehead and is lost 

 opposite the anterior edge of the orbit. Dorsal and anal fins tinged with reddish violet, the upper fourth of the 

 soft portion being margined with six coloured bands in the following order from without : white, black, scarlet, 

 black, pearl white, and black : anal tipped with three rows, white, black, and scarlet. Posterior half of caudal 

 pearly white, divided by a black band from a scarlet base. Ventrals, black. 



Jerdon (M. J. L. and Science, 1849, p. 134), under the head of Chcetodon pretextatus, Cantor, observed, 

 " I possess a dried specimen which appears to be this species." I also obtained mine at Cochin where I found 



* In Bloch's type specimen, a little more than 4 inches in length (No. 1257) the blotch is partly (about 1/3) below the lateral-line, 



P 2 



